During the time of the prophet, the companions tried to repeat each of his prophets. We were kind to additional prayers, tried to be constant in them. They, unlike modern Muslims, knew the value of additional prayers, and did not abandon them as this was only a desirable action.
It is reported from the words of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Verily, Allah, the Most Blessed and the Most High, said:
“I will declare war on the one who is at enmity with the one who is close to Me! Favorite of all,Whatever (does) My servant in an effort to get closer to Me, is for Me thatthat I have charged him with a duty, and My servant will try to draw closer to Me,through desired worship (“Nawafil” i.e. additional prayers,fasting and other good deeds performed voluntarily by a pious person),
until I love him.
When I love him, I will become his hearing, throughby which he will hear, and by his sight, by which he will see, and his hand with which he will grab, and his foot with which he will walk. And if he asks Me (for something), I will certainly grant him (it),
and if he turns to Me for protection, I will definitely protect him.” (al-Bukhari, 6502).
Basically, voluntary prayers can be read in unlimited quantities, at any time, except for five forbidden times:
1. After morning prayer until the beginning of sunrise.
2. During sunrise itself.
3. During the zenith.
4. After Asr prayer until sunset.
5. During sunset.
However, we present below the established voluntary prayers that were performed by the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and the dignity of which is great.
Established voluntary prayers:
1. Sunnat prayers(rawatib), two rakats before morning prayer, four rakats before lunch (zuhr) prayer and two after it, two rakats after Maghrib prayer, two rakats after Isha prayer, a total of twelve rakats. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever recites twelve rak’ahs during the day and night, a house will be built for him in Paradise” (Muslim, 728).
2. Tahajjud prayer or overnight standing and vitr. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “With the onset of the last third of every night, our All-Good and Most High Lord descends to the lower heaven, saying: “Who will turn to Me with prayers so that I answer him? Who will ask Me (for something) so that I will grant him (it)? Who will ask Me for forgiveness so that I will forgive him?” (al-Bukhari, 1145).
3. Duha prayer(namaz read after sunrise until the beginning of the zenith). Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “The one whom I loved most (Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), gave me the order to fast for three days every month, perform the spirit prayer in two rakats in the morning and perform Vitr before bed." (al-Bukhari, Muslim).
4. Two rak'ahs of prayer after ablution. One day the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to Bilal: “O Bilal, tell me which of the deeds you have done in Islam inspires the most hope (for receiving a reward), for, verily, I heard the sound of your sandals, heard before me in Paradise? To which Bilal replied: “Nothing I have done gives me so much hope as the fact that no matter what time of the night or day I perform ablution, after that I always perform from prayer what was prescribed for me to do (i.e. .as much as I could)." (al-Bukhari: 1149).
5. Four rak'ahs before Asr prayer. Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “May Allah have mercy on the person who prays four rak'ahs before the afternoon prayer” (Abu Dawud, at-Tirmidhi).
6. Two rak'ahs before Maghrib prayer. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, repeating three times: “Pray before the Maghrib, adding for the third time: “This is for those who wish” (al-Bukhari, 1183).
7. Two rak'ahs between adhan(first call) and Ikama(second call). It is reported from the words of 'Abdullah bin Mughaffal al-Muzani, may Allah be pleased with him, that (once) the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said three times: “Between every two calls there is a prayer,” (and then added ): “For the one who desires it.” (al-Bukhari, 624, Muslim).
There are also: namaz-istikhara (when asking Allah to perform the right choice), as well as namaz-greetings at the entrance to the mosque, as well as two rak'ahs after tawaf (circumnavigating the Kaaba seven times), istiqa-namaz (namaz asking for rain during a drought), kusuf-namaz (at an eclipse of the sun or moon), two holiday namaz (on Eid al-Adha and Kurban Bayram). There are a lot of dalilis (evidence) pointing to these prayers. You can read more in the collections of reliable hadiths.
Starting the day by worshiping Allah Almighty is an obligation for Muslims. Reading five times during the day obligatory prayer, followers of the Final Messenger of God (s.g.v.) constantly keep themselves in good shape, recharge positive energy and a creative spirit to make the world around you a better place.
Procedure for performing the Sabah prayer
The Fajr prayer is very simple in its structure. It includes two rakat (rakaat) of sunnat and the same number of farda. In general, their performance is almost identical, with the exception of a few points that will be mentioned below. Here we will describe how to read the morning prayer using the example of two fard rakqats. Follow these instructions and also watch the video.
Please note: that the body positions of the person praying, described later in the text, apply to men. For the female gender they are slightly.
2 rakat fard of morning prayer
Rakagat #1
Intention (niyat). Everything starts with intention and will be judged by it - this is exactly the message of one of the most famous sayings Prophet Muhammad (s.g.w.) (see collections of Al-Bukhari and Muslim). Namaz is no exception. To perform this element of prayer, you do not need to memorize any special prayer formulas. It is enough just to think that now the time has come for Fajr prayer, and the believer is ready for it. You can also silently formulate a phrase about your intention to pray (in any language). In Russian it might sound something like this: "Oh Lord! I intend to recite two rakat fard of the Sabah prayer.”
After pronouncing the intention, the believer standing in the direction of the qibla loudly says takbir-tahrim(words "Allahu Akbar"), raises the hands to the level of the head (backs of the palms back). At this moment, the thumbs touch the earlobes (if the person praying is a representative of the Hanafi or Maliki madhhab) or not (for Shafiites and Hanbalites). It is from this starting point that a person fully begins morning prayer - he cannot be distracted, say extraneous words, or look at everything around him. During worship, you should stand quietly, meekly, directing your gaze to the place where you will bow to the ground.
Dua-sana. The believer folds his hands on his stomach so that right palm clasps left wrist extreme fingers of the hand. Hanafis place their hands folded in this way below the navel, Shafi'is - above, and Hanbalis are free to decide what is more convenient for them. The Malikites even freely lower their hands.
Having taken the described position (it is called kyyam), must be read Dua-sana. There are certain differences in its formulation between the Shafiites and representatives of other directions of theological and legal thought of Sunni Islam. Let's give both versions.
The Shafi'is recite the following text:
“Uajakhtu uajhiya lillazii fataras-samauaati wal-ard, haniifam muslima, wa maa ana minal-mushrikiin, innas-salati ua nusuki, wa makhyaya ua mamati lillahi Rabbil-'alamiin, la sharika lyakh, wa bi zyalika umirtu wa ana minal-muslimiin »
Translation:“I direct my face to the One who created the heavens and the earth. I am not one of the polytheists who worship someone else, because, truly, my faith and actions based on it, life and death - all this is with Allah, Who is alone and has no partners. This is what I am obliged to do, I am truly a believing Muslim.”
In other madhhabs a different - shorter - text is read:
“Subhanyaka Allahummya wa bihamdikya, wa tabarakasmukya, wa ta’ala jaddukya, wa la Ilyaha gairuk”
Translation: “Praise be to You, Almighty Creator! Your name is the greatest, nothing compares to it. No one is worthy to be equal to You. No one is worthy to be worshiped except You."
Koranic suras and verses in qiyam. After the prayer-san, it is necessary to pronounce ta’auuz and bismillah: “A’uzu bilLyahi minashshaitanir-rahim, bismilLakhir-Rakhmyanir-Rakhim”(“I appeal to Allah Almighty from the wiles of Satan, who must be stoned. In the name of Allah, the Gracious and the Merciful”) and read loudly the first surah of the Koran “Al-Fatiha”. Following it is an additional sura (usually short, for example) or at least 3 verses from any other sura (if it is long).
Ruku' ( bow from the waist). After reading holy verses from the Book of Allah and saying takbir ("Allahu Akbar") we go into a bow. To do this, we rest the center of our palms on our kneecaps, and our back bends so as to be as parallel to the floor as possible. The gaze is fixed on the feet. That is, if you look at the person praying from the side, his position will be similar to the letter “G”. While bowing from the waist, the believer says the formula three times: "Subhanya Rabbial-'Azym" (“Most pure [from all bad, negative] is our Master”). Next he says the formula “Sami’Allahu limyan Khyamide” (“Allah Almighty knows everything, all the praises [that come to Him]”). Having said this, the worshiper comes out of the waist bow and takes a vertical position (here the hands are lowered at the seams), after which he says the phrase once "Rabbanya, LaKal-hyamde" (“O Lord of the worlds! All these praises are directed to you.”)
Sajdah (prostration) or Sujud). Proclaiming takbir ("Allahu Akbar") We begin to bow to the ground, first lowering our knees to the surface of the floor, and then our hands and head. The forehead and nose are touched to the floor, the eyes remain open. The hands are positioned at head level so that the elbows are raised above the floor. Shafiites have their palms in line with their shoulders, and their elbows are also off the floor. Hanbalites prostrate differently: first, they touch the floor with their hands, and only after them, their knees.
Lowering his head to the floor, the worshiper says to himself three times: "Subhanya Rabbi al-A'la" (“Most pure [from any negativity] is My Great Lord”). After this, the worshiper recites takbir and leaves the sajda for a few seconds, sitting down on left leg and holding the right one in the so-called half position - the weight of the body does not fall on it, it is slightly tucked to the side, with the toes facing in the direction of the qibla. The hands are on the knees. Next, the believer, having said takbir, again goes into a state of prostration, where he pronounces the same phrase "Subhanya Rabbi al-A'la".
Returning from Sujud is marked by takbir and taking up the vertical position of the kyyam. We proceed to the next rakqat of the fard part of the Fajr prayer.
Rakagat #2
Here in qiyam, the believer no longer reads the dua-sana, but immediately moves on to the “Fatiha” surah, followed by an additional one (for example,). Further, everything is similar to the previous rakat - ruku’ and sajdah.
Differences begin at the end of Sujud. In the 2nd rakat, after prostration, a person sits in the same position as in the middle of both prostrations. It's called cu'ud(from Arabic literally - “sitting”). In this position, one pronounces to oneself dua tashahhud:
“At-tahiyatu lillahi was-salayatu uat-tayibyat. Assalamu ‘alaika, ayuhannabiyu, wa rahmatullahi uabyarakatuhu. Assalamu ‘alaynya wa ‘ala ‘yybadillahi-s-salihiin. Ashhadu al-la-ilaha illa-Llahu, wa ashhadu an-na Muhammadan gabduhu wa Rasulukh"
Translation:“Our greetings, prayers, supplications and praises to You, Almighty. Peace be upon you, our Prophet, mercy upon you from Allah Almighty, Lord of the worlds, and His blessings. I bear witness that there is no one worthy of worship except Allah Almighty. I testify that Muhammad is His servant and messenger."
Often dua tashshahud is accompanied by special gestures. At the moment of pronouncing “Ashhadu al-la-ilayaha illa-Llahu,” the index finger of the right hand is raised until the second part of the testimony “wa ashhadu an-na...” begins.
Then comes another plea - dua salawat:
“Allahumma salli ‘ala Muhammadin wa ‘ala Ali Muhammad. Kama salaita ‘ala Ibrahima wa ‘ala Ali Ibrahima. Innyaka hamiidun majid. Allahumma barik 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala Ali Muhammad. Kyama baraktya ‘ala Ibrahima wa ‘ala ali Ibrahima, innyaka hamiidun majid”
Translation:“Oh, Almighty Allah! Bless Muhammad and his family as You blessed Ibrahim and his family. Verily, You are Worthy of Praise. O Almighty Creator! Send blessings upon Muhammad and his family as You blessed Ibrahim and his family. Verily, You are worthy of glory and praise.”
Following the salawat is part of the verse from Surah Al-Baqarah:
“Rabbanya-attiinya fid-dunya hasanatyau-ua fil akhirati hassanatau ua kyina gazabannar” (2:201)
Translation: “Oh, our Great Master! Give us goodness in this world and the Eternal world. Provide us with protection from Hell and its torments.”
The person praying reads this to himself, as well as the tashahhud with salawat.
Taslim (greeting). Finally, the time of greeting approaches, when the reader of the prayer turns his head first to the right and then to the left, directing his gaze to his shoulders. At each turn, you should say the following words out loud: “As-salamu galaykum wa rahmatullaa.” (“Greetings to you and the mercy of Allah”). By “you” here we mean other believers who pray nearby, angels who record our deeds, and Muslim jinn.
Then the worshiper says three times "Astagfirullahi" (“Forgive me, Allah Almighty”) and speaks out loud dua greetings:
“Allahumma, Antas-salamu uaminKas-salaam. Tabarakta ya zal-jalali wal-ikram"
Translation: "ABOUTAlmighty Allah! You are the world, and You are the source of the world. Grant us Your blessing.”
While making this final dua, you should keep your hands opposite your chest. Having completed it, “Amen” is pronounced, and the believer wipes his face with his palms. This completes the two rakat of the fard part of the Sabah prayer.
Sunnat in 2 rakat
As mentioned above, the sunnat in the Fajr prayer is practically no different from the obligatory part of the prayer. You just need to remember that takbirs, Quranic surahs and other elements that are pronounced loudly in fard are not spoken out loud during sunnat rakaghats. In addition, it must be recalled that 2 rakat of sunnat in the sabah prayer precede the fard.
Dua-qunoot within the framework of Fajr prayer
This is perhaps one of the few debatable points that concern this prayer. True, the level of intensity in discussions between different theological and legal schools is relatively low. In particular, the Shafiites are confident that dua qunoot is sunnah, since its recitation was practiced by the Prophet (s.a.w.). The basis for this statement is a hadith in the collection of al-Hakim, which narrates how in the fard part morning prayer The mercy of the worlds Muhammad (s.g.w.) after leaving the hand ’ in the 2nd rakagat, raising his hands to chest level, he read the following dua:
“Allahummya, ikhdinya (a) name (a)n hyadyaitya vya gyafinya (a) name (a)n ‘afyaytya. Vya tävällänä fiimän tävälläitä. Vya bya(a)rik lanya(a) name(s) a’tyakya. Vya kynya (a) sharra mya (a) kadaitya. Fiinnyakya takdii vya la(a) yukda ‘alaikya. Vya innyahu la ya’izzu myan ‘adyatya. Tyya (a) raktya Rabbi (a) vya tjaya (a) laytya. Falyakal-hyamdu ‘ala(a) mya(a) kadaitya. Nyastyagfirukya nyutubu ilyaykya. Vya sally-lLahummya gyala (a) sayyidinya (a) Muhyammadin, an-Nyabiyi-l-ummiyi vya gyala (a) aalihi vya sahibihi vya sallym"
Translation: “Oh, Great Master! Make us the same as You made those who, by Your will, are on straight path- guide us along this path! We ask You to protect us from adversity, like those who were delivered from it by You! Grant us blessings on what You have determined for us. Protect us from evil! It is You who rule over everything, and Your decision changes everything. No one who has received Your support can be disadvantaged. No one can achieve strength and power who is deprived of Your mercy. Your blessings are great, You are pure from all negative things that may be attributed to You out of ignorance or unbelief. Forgive us, Almighty. And we ask for blessings for our prophet Muhammad and his family, as well as his Sahabah."
Hanafis and other Sunnis consider the hadith from al-Hakim's collection to be weak. In addition, there is an opinion according to which the Messenger of the Almighty (s.g.w.) read dua-kunut in the Fajr prayer for only one month, but after that he abandoned this practice.
If you adhere to the Shafi'i madhhab and are going to say dua qunoot in namaz sabah, then you need to adhere to the following routine:
Coming out of the bow and saying "Rabbanya, LaKal-hyamde", hold your hands at chest level with your palms facing the sky and read the above text of dua qunoot. Next, go to Sujud and complete the prayer as described above.
Praise be to Allah Almighty who created this wonderful, amazing beautiful world and thereby showed Himself, His greatness and omnipotence, bestowed people with His countless riches, mercies and made following the Sunnah (path) of the beloved Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) one of the most important mercies.
The most perfect blessing of Allah and His salam to the beloved prophet Muhammad, following and obeying whom is a manifestation of submission to Allah Almighty Himself, and following the Sunnah of which is a sign of love for Allah.
Allah's blessing and salam to the descendants and companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), who tried to bring the Sunnah of the Prophet to the people, sparing neither life, nor means, nor strength, and even abandoning their homeland.
Who can be considered the most perfect, happiest and closest person to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the Day of Judgment? Of course, the one who scrupulously follows the Sunnah of the Prophet and who tries to behave like him in all matters, the one who has inherited his character traits.
Sunnat prayers (desirable, additional prayers) occupied a large place in the life of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Advantages of Sunnat prayers in general
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Of all the acts that Allah Almighty allowed Muslims to perform, the best is two or more rakat prayers. While the servant of God is in prayer, he is covered by the mercy and blessing of Allah.” This hadith from Abu Ummat is reported by Imam Ahmad and Tirmidhi.
An authentic hadith from Sawbani and Abu Dardaa, reported by Imam Ahmad, Muslim, Tirmidhi and others, says: “The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “ You diligently perform prostrations (sudjda). Every time you prostrate, Allah Almighty exalts your virtues and forgives your sins" (“Kanzul-’ummal”, vol. 7, p. 770).
Sunnat prayers are divided into two types: 1) confined to a specific time or place or due to a specific reason; 2) prayers-mutlak, i.e. those that can be performed without any reason at any time, with the exception of periods when it is undesirable (karahat) to perform prayers. A Muslim has the right to perform mutlaq prayers both day and night, as much as he wants. Mutlaq prayers are performed as usual, there is no special rule for them, time, place, reason for performing them, they can be performed at any time, except for periods when performing prayer is karahat, that is, undesirable. We will focus on sunnat prayers dedicated to a specific time, place or performed for a specific reason. These include: ratibats - prayers performed before and (or) after obligatory (farz) prayer; istiharat - prayers performed to choose a solution; prayers performed to fulfill a desire and others.
Such prayers, in turn, are also divided into two types: performed collectively (jamaat) and individually.
Following the imams, we will first, inshaAllah (if Allah willing), talk about prayers performed collectively, that is, by the jamaat.
It is better to perform Jamaat:
funeral prayers (salat-l-janazati);
prayers performed during an eclipse of the sun or moon (salat-l-khusufi or salat-l-kusufi);
These sunnat prayers are more valuable than those performed individually, even if we perform them alone. However, prayer-witr and ratibats are more valuable than prayer-tarawih.
Of the sunnat prayers performed individually, the most valuable is, followed by the morning ratibat, then other ratibats and the prayer performed after sunrise (. This is followed by the prayer performed after tawaf (circumambulation), the beginning of Hajj, greetings to the mosque - the house of Allah ( salat-t-tahiyati), as well as namaz performed after ablution (salat-l-wudu').
It starts from the moment of dawn and lasts until the sun rises. Morning prayer consists of four rak'ahs, two of which are sunnah and two are fard. First, 2 rak'ahs of sunnah are performed, then 2 rak'ahs of fard.
Sunnah of morning prayer
First rak'ah
“For the sake of Allah, I intend to perform 2 rakats of the sunnah of the morning (Fajr or Subh) prayer”. (Fig. 1)
Raise both hands, fingers apart, palms facing the Qibla, to ear level, touching your earlobes with your thumbs (women raise their hands at chest level) and say "Allahu Akbar"
, then and (Fig. 3) 
With your hands down, say: "Allahu Akbar" "Subhana-Rabbiyal-"aziym" "Samigallahu-limyan-hamidah" speak afterwards "Rabbana wa lakal hamd"(Fig. 4) 
Then speak "Allahu Akbar" "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya" "Allahu Akbar" 
And again in words "Allahu Akbar" descend into soot again and say again: "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya"- 3 times. After that with the words "Allahu Akbar" rise from soot to the second rak'ah. (Fig. 6) 
Second rak'ah
Speak "Bismillahi r-rahmaani r-rahim"(Fig. 3)
With your hands down, say: "Allahu Akbar" and make a hand" (waist bow). While bowing, say: "Subhana-Rabbiyal-"aziym"- 3 times. After the hand, straighten your body to a vertical position, saying: "Samigallahu-limyan-hamidah" speak afterwards "Rabbana wa lakal hamd"(Fig. 4) Then speak "Allahu Akbar", perform sajda (prostration). When performing soot, you must first kneel down, then lean on both hands, and only after that, touch the soot area with your forehead and nose. When bowing, say: "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya"- 3 times. After that with the words "Allahu Akbar" rise from the soot to a sitting position after pausing in this position for 2-3 seconds (Fig. 5)
And again, with the words “Allahu Akbar”, descend into soot again and say again: "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya"- 3 times. Then say "Allahu Akbar" rise from the soot to a sitting position and read the arc of Attahiyat "Attahiyaty lillahi vassalavaty vatayibyatu. Assalamy aleyke ayukhannabiyu wa rahmatyllahi wa barakatyh. Assalamy aleina va gala gyybadillahi s-salihiin. Ashhady alla illaha illallah. Wa ashhad y Anna Muhammadan. Then read Salavat "Allahuma sally ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kyama sallayta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahima, innakya Hamidum-Majid. Allahuma, barik ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kyama barakta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahima, innakya X amidum-Majid “Then read the dua of Rabban (Fig. 5)
Say a greeting: turning your head first towards the right shoulder, and then towards the left. (Fig. 7) 
This completes the prayer.
Then we recite two rak’ats of fard. Fard of the morning prayer. In principle, fard and sunnah prayers are no different from each other, only the intention that you perform fard prayer changes and for men, as well as those who have become imams, you need to read surahs and takbirs aloud in prayer "Allahu Akbar".
Fard of morning prayer
The fard of the morning prayer, in principle, is no different from the sunnah of the prayer, only the intention that you perform the fard prayer changes and for men, as well as those who have become imams, you need to read Surah al-Fatihah in prayer and short surah, takbir "Allahu Akbar", some dhikrs out loud.
First rak'ah
Standing, make the intention (niyat) to perform namaz: “For the sake of Allah, I intend to perform 2 rak’ahs of the morning (Fajr or Subh) fard prayer.”. (Fig. 1) Raise both hands, fingers apart, palms towards the Qibla, to ear level, touching your earlobes with your thumbs (women raise their hands at chest level) and say "Allahu Akbar", then place your right hand with the palm of your left hand, clasping the little finger and thumb of your right hand around the wrist of your left hand, and lower your folded hands in this way just below your navel (women place their hands at chest level). (Fig. 2) Standing in this position, read the du'a Sanaa "Subhaanakya allaahumma wa bihamdika, wa tabaarakyasmuka, wa ta'alaya jadduka, wa laya ilyayahe gairuk", then "Auzu billahi minashshaitaanir-rajim" And "Bismillahi r-rahmaani r-rahim" after you read Surah al-Fatiha "Alhamdu lillahi rabbil" alamin. Arrahmaanir-rahim. Maaliki Yaumiddin. Iyyakya na "bydy va iyayakya nasta"yyn. Ikhdina s-syraatal mystekyim. Syraatallyazina an "amta" aleihim gairil magdubi "aleihim valad-daaaalliin. Aamin!" after Surah al-Fatiha, we read another short Surah or one long verse for example Surah al-Kawthar "Inna a"taynakal Kyausar. Fasalli li Rabbika uanhar. inna shani akya huva l-abtar""Amine"
With your hands down, say: "Allahu Akbar" "Subhana-Rabbiyal-"aziym"- 3 times. After the hand, straighten your body to a vertical position, saying: "Samigallahu-limyan-hamidah" "Rabbana wa lakal hamd"(Fig. 4) Then speak "Allahu Akbar" "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya"- 3 times. After that with the words "Allahu Akbar"
And again in words "Allahu Akbar" "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya"- 3 times. After that with the words "Allahu Akbar" pronounced silently (Fig. 3)
Second rak'ah
Speak "Bismillahi r-rahmaani r-rahim"(Imam, as well as men read aloud) rise from the soot to the second rak'ah. (Fig. 6) then read Surah al-Fatiha "Alhamdu lillahi rabbil" alamin. Arrahmaanir-rahim. Maaliki Yaumiddin. Iyyakya na "bydy va iyayakya nasta"yyn. Ikhdina s-syraatal mystekyim. Syraatallyazina an "amta" aleihim gairil magdubi "aleihim valad-daaaalliin. Aamin!" after Surah al-Fatiha, we read another short surah or one long verse, for example Surah al-Ikhlas "Inna a"taynakal Kyausar. Fasalli li Rabbika uanhar. inna shani akya huva l-abtar""Kul huva Allahahu Ahad. Allahahu s-samad. Lam yalid wa lam yuulyad. Wa lam yakullahuu kufuvan ahad"
With your hands down, say: "Allahu Akbar"(Sura al-Fatiha and a short surah are read aloud by the imam, as well as men, "Subhana-Rabbiyal-"aziym"- 3 times. After the hand, straighten your body to a vertical position, saying: "Samigallahu-limyan-hamidah" pronounced silently) (Fig. 3) "Rabbana wa lakal hamd"(Fig. 4) Then speak "Allahu Akbar"(the imam, as well as the men, read aloud) and perform ruku" (waist bow). While bowing, say: "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya"- 3 times. After that with the words "Allahu Akbar"(Imam, as well as men read aloud) then say (Imam, as well as men read aloud), perform sajda (bow to the ground). When performing soot, you must first kneel down, then lean on both hands, and only after that, touch the soot area with your forehead and nose. When bowing, say: "Allahu Akbar"(Imam, as well as men read aloud) rise from the soot to a sitting position after pausing in this position for 2-3 seconds (Fig. 5) "Subhana-Rabbiyal-Aglya"- 3 times. Then say "Allahu Akbar"(Imam, as well as men read aloud) rise from the sajd to a sitting position and read the arc of Attahiyat "Attahiyaty lillahi vassalavaty vatayibyatu. Assalamy aleyke ayuhannabiyu va rahmatyllahi wa barakatykh. Assalamy aleina va galya gyybadillahi s-salihiin. Ashhady alla illah and illallah. Anna Muhammadan. Then read Salavat "Allahuma sally ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kyama sallayta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahima, innakya Hamidum-Majid. Allahuma, barik ala Muhammadin wa ala ali Muhammad, kyama barakta ala Ibrahima wa ala ali Ibrahima, innakya X amidum-Majid "Then read the du"a of Rabban “Rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanatan va fil-akhyrati hasanat va kyna ‘azaban-nar”. (Fig. 5)
Say greeting: "Assalamu galekum wa rahmatullah"(the imam, as well as men, read aloud) with the head turned first towards the right shoulder, and then towards the left. (Fig. 7)
Raise your hand to make a dua "Allahumma anta-s-salamu wa minka-s-s-salaam! Tabarakta ya za-l-jalali wa-l-ikram" This completes the prayer.
Prayer is a conversation between a person and the Almighty. In addition to the five obligatory prayers, there are many various types desirable. Among them are both those that have their own name and a time specially allocated for them, as well as ordinary prayers that do not have a name, which a person can perform at any time, not counting certain periods of time during the day during which the desired prayers cannot be performed.
In this article we will briefly talk about the main (not all) desirable prayers that a Muslim can perform.
We will roughly divide them into three types:
1. Desirable prayers associated with obligatory ones.
2. Desirable prayers, not related to obligatory ones, having their own name and time.
3. Desirable prayers that do not have a name or time allocated for them.
Desirable prayers performed collectively will not be touched upon in the article.
1. Desirable prayers associated with obligatory ones
The main prayers associated with the obligatory ones are called “rawatib”. There are 12 rakats (1) during the day - six prayers of two rakats: two rakats before the obligatory morning prayer (fajr), four rakats before the obligatory lunch prayer (zuhr), two rakats after the obligatory lunch prayer (zuhr), two rakats after mandatory evening prayer(Maghrib) and two rak'ahs after the obligatory night prayer (Isha).
“Whoever performs 12 rakats during the day for the sake of Allah Almighty, a house will be built for him in Paradise” (Muslim).
The most preferred of these prayers are two rak'ahs before the obligatory morning prayer. said: “The most scrupulous of the obligatory prayers, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) observed two rak’ahs (before) the obligatory morning prayer” (Al-Bukhari, Muslim).
2. Desirable prayers, not related to obligatory ones, having their own name and time
a) prayer of greetings to the mosque
These are two rak'ahs that are performed every time one enters a mosque, before one sits down. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “If any of you enters the mosque, let him not sit down until he has performed two rak’ahs (salats).”(Al-Bukhari, Muslim).
Salutation of greetings is also obtained through the obligatory prayer, as well as any other desired prayer. Since the meaning is that a person should not sit in the mosque until he has performed namaz;
b) desired night prayer
It is also called “qiyamu l-layl” - standing for the night. This is the most preferred prayer among all the desired ones. It is not limited to the number of rakats. But in the end there must be an odd number of them, as will become clear later.
Desirable night prayers include the "Tahajjud" and "" prayers.
If it is performed after sleep, then the desired night prayer is called “Tahajjud”.
The desired night prayer should be completed with an odd number of rak'ahs. You can do this as a separate prayer at the end, which will consist of one rak'ah. It can also be a prayer consisting of three or more rakats (the number must be odd). If the desired night prayers end with a prayer consisting of an odd number of rak'ahs (more than one), then in this case only one tashahhud (2) is read in the last rak'ah.
The last prayer performed at night in one or more odd number of rak'ahs is called "witr".
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “The most preferred prayer after the obligatory prayers is the prayer in the middle of the night.”(Muslim).
Ali(may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Witr is not obligatory prayer, like the (five) prescribed, but this is the sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)” (At-Tirmidhi).
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “ O people of the Qur'an, perform witr, truly Allah is witr (odd, that is, one) and He loves witr (salat consisting of an odd number of rak'ahs)."(At-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud).
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Night prayer is performed in the form of prayers of two rak’ahs. If you begin to fear the coming of morning, then complete it with one rakah (witr).”;
c) prayer of the spirit
This is a desirable prayer, the time of which begins in the morning from the moment the sun rises to “spear height” (about 15–20 minutes after sunrise) and ends in the afternoon, before the sun reaches its zenith. The name of this prayer comes from the time at which it is performed: dukha - this is the morning time.
Abu ad-Darda said: “My beloved, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), bequeathed to me three things that I will never leave as long as I live: fasting for three days of every month, prayer of the spirit and that I should not go to bed until I will perform Witr prayer” (Muslim).
The Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Every day at morning, each of you should be given sadaka as many times as there are joints in his body. Every utterance of the words “Subhan-Allah” (“Glory be to Allah”) is sadaqah, and every utterance of the words “Al-hamdu li-Llah” (“Praise be to Allah”) is sadaqah, and every utterance of the words “La ilaha illa- Allah” (“There is no deity (worthy of worship) except Allah”) is sadaqah, and every utterance of the words “Allahu Akbar” (“Allah is Great”) is sadaqa, and inducing something to be approved is sadaqa, and refraining from something that is blameworthy is sadaqa. This is sadaqah, but all this is replaced by two rak’ahs of the spirit.”(Muslim).
The minimum number of rakats for prayer of the spirit is two. The maximum is (according to one of the scientists’ opinions) eight;
d) Istikhara prayer
We wrote about this prayer in detail earlier in a separate article. Istikhara does not apply to everyday prayers. It is performed for peace of mind and to make things easier when a person is faced with situations about which he does not know what to do and has doubts. Istikhara is desirable when a person begins such matters as, for example, buying a car, getting married, looking for a job, going on a trip...
اللَّهُمَّ إنِّي أَسْتَخِيرُكَ بِعِلْمِكَ وَأَسْتَقْدِرُكَ بِقُدْرَتِكَ وَأَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ الْعَظِيمِ فَإِنَّكَ تَقْدِرُ وَلا أَقْدِرُ وَتَعْلَمُ وَلا أَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتَ عَلامُ الْغُيُوبِ اللَّهُمَّ إنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الأَمْرَ خَيْرٌ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاقْدُرْهُ لِي وَيَسِّرْهُ لِي ثُمَّ بَارِكْ لِي فِيهِ اللَّهُمَّ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الأَمْرَ شَرٌّ لِي فِي دِينِي وَمَعَاشِي وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِي فَاصْرِفْهُ عَنِّي وَاصْرِفْنِي عَنْهُ وَاقْدُرْ لِي الْخَيْرَ حَيْثُ كَانَ ثُمَّ ارْضِنِي بِهِ.
After performing Istikhara prayer, you should bow to what your heart tells you.
3. Desirable prayers that do not have a name or time allocated for them
These are prayers that a person performs at will without reference to time. However, they are not performed during the following periods of time:
1. After the obligatory morning prayer until the sun rises to the “height of a spear.”
2. When the sun is at its zenith.
3. After mandatory afternoon prayer until the sun goes down.
It is advisable to perform such prayers two rak'ahs.
Namaz is a conversation with Allah Almighty, in which a person turns to Him with his needs. This leads to the pleasure of Allah, increases the stock of good deeds on the Day of Judgment, cleanses and calms the heart. Despite the apparent abundance, desirable prayers do not take much time from a person, giving in return an invaluable benefit. It can be difficult for someone who has accustomed himself to additional prayers to give them up. ]§[
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1 Rakat is a circular cycle of which prayers are composed. Lunch, afternoon and night prayers consist of four rak'ahs. Morning - of the two. Evening - out of three.
2 A special prayer read in regular prayers while sitting after two and four rak'ahs.
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