Society in a broad sense means. Society, in the broadest sense of the word, means Society in the chic sense of the word means

Social science.

Option 1.

1. In the very in a broad sense society is...

1) the entire material world as a whole. 2) part material world.

3) country, state. 4) part of the natural geographical environment.

2. The similarity between humans and animals is that they have...

Various sensations 3) Rational thinking.
Articulate speech 4) Opportunities for self-development.

3. Human activity aimed at creating material and spiritual benefits useful to society is called...

1) cognition 2) work 3) communication 4) forecasting

4. The programmer is working on a new program. In this activity the program acts...

1) Means 2) subject 3) motive 4) object

5. A personality, unlike an individual, has...

1) rational thinking 3) articulate speech

2) sensory knowledge 4) willingness to take responsibility

6. Primary needs according to A. Maslow’s classification are the needs...

1) prestigious 2) ideal 3) spiritual 4) existential

^ 7. The expansion of our understanding of the world is a direct result...

1) labor activity 3) cognitive activity

2) gaming activities 4) communicative activities

8. Undoubtedly, once and for all established knowledge is...

any scientific concept 3) folk wisdom
relative truth 4) absolute truth

9. Scientific knowledge, unlike other types of knowledge...

1) relies on observational data 3) experimentally confirms the conclusions.

2) takes into account accumulated experience 4) uses concepts and judgments

10. They deny the possibility of knowing the truth...

1) idealists 2) rationalists 3) agnostics 4) empiricists

11. All types of transformative activities of people, as well as their results are called...

1) science 2) culture 3) society 4) morality

12. A culture whose works are intended for a narrow circle of experts is called...
1) folk 2) mass 3) national 4) elite

13. To the means of mass communication, the emergence of which is associated with the transition to a post-industrial society...

television 3) periodicals
radio 4) internet

14. One of the characteristics of the state is

separation of powers
presence of an army
exercising total control over a person
multi-party system

15. A political party is an organization that:

fights for power
solves economic issues
brings people together based on their interests
formed spontaneously

16. Family functions include

organization of social production
maintaining economic stability
establishing social norms
socialization of the younger generation

17. Compensation for losses caused to a citizen as a result of illegal actions of state bodies or local governments is a type of legal liability applied in law
1) administrative 3) civil

2) criminal 4) labor

18. The President of Russia is the head

Constitutional Court 3) Security Council
Federal Assembly 4) Russian state

19.What consumer expenses are optional?

1) payment for travel on public transport 3) purchase of medicines

2) payment of utilities 4) insurance of the apartment

20. The government meeting was devoted to discussing additional sources of state revenue and drawing up the state budget for the next year. This is a type of economic activity in the field

1) consumption 2) exchange 3) production 4) distribution

^ 21. Read the text below, each position of which is numbered:

1) A person, like an animal, has a nervous system, capable of sensing and perceiving the surrounding reality. 2) But unlike animals, humans have objective thinking and are able to realize the goals of their activities and foresee their results. 3) It can be stated that thanks to this, man rose above all living organisms and subjugated nature. 4) All human actions are thought out and aimed at further strengthening his position as the “king of nature.”

Determine which provisions are...

A) Factual nature b) Nature of assessment of judgment

^ 22. Find in the list below the provisions related to the fundamentals of the constitutional system of the Russian Federation, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated

1) recognition of human rights and freedoms as the highest value

2) conditions and procedure for concluding an employment contract

3) the supremacy of the Constitution and federal laws of the Russian Federation throughout its territory

4) circumstances excluding criminal liability

5) ideological diversity

23. Establish a correspondence between the specific expression of sanctions and the type to which they relate: for each position given in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

^ 24. Below are a number of characteristics, all of them, except one, relate to the concept of “legal norm”.

Established by the state, has a written form, a set of ideas about the good, contains normative legal acts, is generally binding, is protected and defended by the state, a regulator of social relations.

Answer keys test 1 (social studies)

question	answer	points
1	2	1
2	1	1
3	2	1
4	4	1
5	4	1
6	4	1
7	3	1
8	4	1
9	3	1
10	3	1
11	2	1
12	4	1
13	4	1
14	2	1
15	1	1
16	4	1
17	1	1
18	4	1
19	4	1
20	4	1
21	ABBA	2, one error - 1
22	135	2 one mistake - 1
23	21121	2 one mistake - 1
24	The set of ideas about good	1

Total: 27 points

27-25 points – “5”

18-24 points – “4”

12 -17 points – “3”

Less than 12 points – “2”

Society SOCIETY (society) Meaning of the English word society(“society”) can be expanded or narrowed and can refer to almost any form of association of people who have common interests, values and goals. In the 19th century "society" meant top class; the concept can now be referred to as the "international scientific community" or the "European community", although such usage may be objected to. The word is used primarily and most often in the sense of a society defined by the boundaries of a state, although such usage is imprecise and can be misleading in those numerous cases where more than one fairly large ethnic or culturally distinct group lives within the boundaries of a state, as e.g. , in Canada or South Africa. Famous German sociologists of the late 19th – early 20th centuries. Weber and Ferdinand Tönnies believed that different forms of society are determined by the nature of communication between people. Tönnies distinguished a form of commonwealth, which he called Gemeinschaft when people are connected general ideas, traditions and family ties, and community form ( Gesellschaft), where the association is formally predetermined, fixed in the minds of people and is of a quasi-contractual nature. All societies contain elements of both. Many modern authors, following the example of Hegel, prefer to talk about civil society. In this sense, it does not mean the population of a given state as such and by no means a simple association of people in a particular territory. Civil society is a network of relationships and organizations that strive to form a political system. For example, in France, since, say, 1780, the state has been reformed and rebuilt several times, but throughout this period it has remained a distinct and integral civil society. Neither Europe, nor Brittany or Provence, taken separately, is a civil society like France.

Policy. Dictionary. - M.: "INFRA-M", Publishing House "Ves Mir". D. Underhill, S. Barrett, P. Burnell, P. Burnham, etc. General editor: Doctor of Economics. Osadchaya I.M.. 2001.

Society in the broad sense is a set of historically established forms of joint activity of people; in a narrow sense - a historically specific type of social system, a certain form of social relations (for example, society opposed to the state in Hegel).

Political science: Dictionary-reference book. comp. Prof. Science Sanzharevsky I.I.. 2010.

Political science. Dictionary. - RSU. V.N. Konovalov. 2010.

/ 09-07-2013_05-53-35 / Society

Definition of society

Society is a multi-valued concept used to define both social systems at various levels and associations of people who have a common origin, position, interests and goals, including joint-stock companies and other economic organizations.

In the broadest sense, “society” means a part of the material world isolated from nature, a set of historically established forms of joint activity of people.

In a narrower sense, society is a complex social system, an integral formation, the main element of which is people with their connections, interactions and relationships; or as a historical stage, a certain form social development(primitive society, feudal society, capitalist society); or as a specific society within one country (French society, Russian society, Japanese society, etc.).

Society can also mean a circle of people united by the unity of class (for example, a noble society, a merchant society, a peasant society) or some interests (a consumer society, a charitable society, a sports society, a theatrical society, etc.). These also include commercial organizations that set themselves general goals in the field of economics and entrepreneurial activity.

Widely sociological sense society is a world community, or a world system, meaning all of humanity as a whole. The world community is understood as a certain planetary social system that unites the entire population of the Earth, has supranational governing bodies, and rules of political, economic and cultural interaction that are universal for all countries. In such a society, it is not intranational, but international relations that operate.

Society in a narrow sociological sense denotes a set of people who have lived historically for a long time in the same territory, who have created their own culture and political system of government.

Society in the third meaning - as a community, union or association (for example, the Society of Lovers of Reading) - in the strict sense is not a sociological category, since one of the integral features of society in the sociological meaning is violated: not being part of a more general system.

Other definitions of society: 1) the population of a country, its citizens, considered in conjunction with their history, interests, needs, desires, beliefs, behavior, psychology; 2) an association of citizens and enterprises for the implementation of common economic activities (economic society); 3) association of citizens based on interests; a public organization created to help someone.

Society is the largest group in which people live, or the largest group in a given territory. Constantly living together and interacting, people create a complexly intertwined system of social relations, historically stable, reproduced from generation to generation, the forms of which crystallize into social institutions.

The concept of “society,” which denotes the object of sociology, like many other words used in this discipline, came from everyday speech, where it never had a clear definition. So, for example, “society” can mean a special club community (like the Hunter Society), a group of people with prestige and privileges (for example, “ high society"secular society"), an abstract set of people (in such cases they say that he or she is burdened by the absence of society).

It should also be noted that the concept of “society” partially coincides with the concepts of “culture” (used by anthropologists) and “nation state” (used by political scientists). However, "culture" is not necessarily defined by territorial boundaries or political independence. For example, we can talk about " Jewish culture", although only a small part of Jews live in th State of Israel. In this case, we are talking about a common religious worldview and a special way of life. Anthropologists speak, for example, of Melanesian culture, although the peoples of Melanesia, scattered across the Pacific islands, are not united into one politically independent society.

The sociologist takes into account the diversity of common speech meanings of the term “society”, but tries to use it in a more precise sense, although, of course, there are differences in its use within sociology itself. In particular, for sociologists adhering to a humanistic perspective, “society” means a broad complex of human relations, understood as an autonomous whole, or, in more technical terms, a system of interactions. The word "broad" in this context is difficult to quantify. A sociologist can talk about a “society” that includes millions of people (say, “Chinese society”), or he can use this term to designate a much smaller population (“the society of sophomores at a given institute”). Two people talking on a corner are unlikely to constitute “society,” but three who

washed up on a desert island will certainly be considered as such. Therefore, the meaning of the concept “society” cannot be judged only by quantitative criteria.

In foreign and domestic literature one can find a huge number of definitions of society. In one case, it is understood as a large group of people who have formed a common culture, in another, as a complex social system with the people inhabiting it, in the third, as a socio-political association associated with a certain territory, etc. In particular, R. Mills understood society as a configuration of institutions that, during their functioning, limit the freedom of action of people. I. Wallerstein believes that the attempt of sociologists to bring order to numerous, often contradictory and confusing definitions of society ultimately led nowhere:

“No concept is more comprehensive in modern social science than society, and no concept is used more automatically and thoughtlessly than society, despite countless pages devoted to its definition. Definitions in textbooks revolve around the question: “What is society?”, while the arguments we have made regarding the unity of historical and social science, force us to ask another question: “When and where is society?”

“Societies” are specific. Moreover, society is a term that we may well abandon due to its conceptual ambiguity in history and hence its undeniable and misleadingly contradictory definitions. Society is a term whose current use in history and the social sciences is contemporary with the institutionalization of social science in the 19th century. Society is half of a contradictory tandem, the other part of which is the state.”

In Russian science, two approaches to understanding what society is have developed: a narrow sociological and a broad philosophical one. Both of them are right in their own way, and each of them gives something new for understanding this most complex phenomenon. Nevertheless, they must be distinguished, since different approaches to society require different methodologies for its analysis.

Society should be understood as the historical result of spontaneously or naturally developing relationships between people, while th the state will appear as an artificial political construct - an institution or institution designed to manage these relationships. Another concept, “country,” is also an artificial territorial construct that denotes the sovereign borders of a state. A country - a part of the world or a territory that has certain borders and enjoys state sovereignty. State - political organization of the country, implying a certain type of government (monarchy, republic, the presence of a management apparatus (government). Society - social organization not only of a country, but also of a nation, nationality, tribe. There was a time when there were no clear political or state borders separating one country from another. There were no countries in the usual sense of the word then; entire peoples and tribes moved quite freely in space, exploring new territories. When the process of resettlement of peoples was completed, lands limited by state sovereignty appeared. Thus, countries are the result of the territorial division of the world.

It is necessary to distinguish between three phenomena - country, state, society. Their boundaries do not always coincide. For example, no one has heard the phrase “Luxembourg society”, although Luxembourg is This state, or country, in Western Europe, with an area of 2.6 thousand km2 and a population of 392 thousand people. Today, the obvious problematic nature of the concept of society, conceivable on the basis of the territorial-state principle, has emerged.

Society existed in that distant era when there were no countries and states. Therefore, the concept of “society” is applicable to any historical era, to a group or association of people of any size. Society is the largest group living in a given territory. The signs that E. Shils expressed in concentrated form are applicable to him. A society is an association that meets the following criteria:

it is not part of any larger system;

marriages are concluded between representatives of this association;

it is replenished primarily by the children of those people who are already its recognized representatives;

the association has a territory that it considers its own own vein;

it has its own name and its own history;

it has its own control system;

the association exists longer than the average lifespan of an individual;

it is united by a common system of values (customs, traditions, norms, laws, rules, morals), which is called culture.

Both modern powers, numbering hundreds of millions of citizens, and ancient tribes, located on the territory of the current urban microdistrict, meet these criteria. Both have consanguineous systems (marriage), their own territory, name, culture, history, governance, and most importantly, they are not part of another whole. But many other human associations do not correspond to them, say, a village or village, although, at first glance, they have all the necessary conditions for this: a consanguineous system, territory, history, culture, name, management.

Taking a close look at the signs of E. Shils, we will notice that the state is only one of the signs of society, namely the management system. The state does not even exhaust the political system. It is the main institution of this system.

Historically, society is primary, the state is secondary. Society is at least 40 thousand years old, and the state is only 5-6 thousand. Society arises at a certain stage of human development, and then the state appears to protect the interests of the citizens who make up this very society. Thus, the state acts as a servant of society. However, often the servant turns into a master, and citizens have to defend themselves from him. The relationship between society and the state throughout history has been difficult: harmony and conflict, the desire to suppress and establish equal, partnership relations.

The concept of society takes on a very definite meaning when we talk about “Russian society”, which has geographical boundaries, a common legislative system and a certain national unity. Sociologists argue approximately in this direction when they create a set of operational definitions of society. In 1967, R. Marsh tried to determine the conditions under which a social association should be considered a society:

permanent territory - for example, Spain within its national borders;

replenishment of society mainly through childbirth, although immigration also plays some role here;

highly developed culture - cultural models can be diverse enough to satisfy all the needs of social life;

4) political independence- society is not a subsystem or part of some other system, therefore colonial societies such as the Belgian Congo before they gained independence could not be considered as such.

Other sociologists and political scientists, namely D. Aberle, A. Coei, K. Davis, M. Levy and F. Sutton, T. Parsons, suggested that the defining characteristic of society is “self-sufficiency.” This criterion is close to “political independence”, but should be interpreted not only in a political science sense. A self-sufficient society is one that is not only able to feed itself by producing a sufficient amount of goods and services without resorting to external borrowing, capable of protecting itself from external and internal threats, but which is also capable of creating the entire complex of culture, from high to folk and popular, and associated infrastructure, as well as successfully engage in social security of the population.

The concept of the world community, which is often called not a community, but a society, introduced new dimensions into the understanding of society. In its radical form, the world society thesis states that at present there is only one single social system- supranational, global. In such a case, Germany, USA, Norway or Pakistan are not societies.

N. Luhmann proposes to use the concept of “society” to take into account only world society as the only closed system within which it is possible to trace all communication operations. Indeed, information flows, television, telephone communications, and the Internet do not know national borders. They unite people into a single society. In this case, national societies fade into the background. True, the problem of poor and rich countries remains. Poverty exists and is reproduced within national boundaries

So, if you adhere to the territorial-state principle, you will have to take into account more than 200 societies existing on the planet. And if we are faithful to the communicative approach (information knows no boundaries), then it will be necessary to recognize the existence of one and only society on Earth - the world one.

Society in the narrow sense. Definition and examples of society in the narrow sense

The concept of “society” is studied by many humanities. Depending on the area of interest, this category is considered in different aspects, in a broad and narrow sense. Why is this important to study? Understanding the social nature of the phenomenon allows us to find the right ways to solve problems that are inevitable for the functioning of society.

Changing the nature of society, structure, and the nature of social interactions dictates the need not only to explore deep social mechanisms, but also to look for mechanisms to manage them in order to avoid negative and irreversible consequences. Since the topic is quite extensive, we will limit ourselves to a summary presentation of some of its main provisions.

Definition

Society, as a subject of study, serves as a central category for humanities. The concept comes from the Latin term societas (society). In a broad sense, it is a set of forms and ways of uniting and interacting people.

The definition of society in a narrow sense is interpreted as social structure, limited by certain criteria of society.

Society is most important category spheres social philosophy. Within its framework, this term is studied in a theoretical aspect. In the practical field of research, this category serves as the subject of study of sociology, a younger science.

The concept of “society”: broad and narrow meaning

The concept in question is quite multifaceted, which is the reason for the numerous variants of its definitions. In its most general form, in a broad sense, society is understood as a union of people and a set of ways of their interaction. They can be carried out both within society and in relation to material nature.

The concept of “society”, in the narrow sense, is usually interpreted as the unification of a certain circle of people by a common principle. This is a fairly common approach to the phenomenon. Moreover, the principle of their organization into society can be a rather impressive list of reasons, starting from habits and ending with ideology, which turns the mass of its followers into society. The broad and narrow meaning of the content also depends on the direction of scientific interest. How more precisely science, the narrower the boundaries of definition, and vice versa, the universal approach reveals the depth and inexhaustibility of the concept.

Society as a result of human activity

Society, as mentioned above, is inextricably linked with the activities of people. Not only connected, but in fact, there is a way of its existence. Highly organized matter differs from nature in that it is capable of organizing its activities in order to protect the interests of each of its members. Historically, initially, this was a condition for survival. Subsequently, in the process of improving the tools of labor, with the development of civilization, society turned into a complex system of interaction both within the system itself and in relation to the surrounding world.

Relations to the outside world characterize society in its broad sense - as a social institution. Internal interactions represent a whole palette social connections, which in a certain social paradigm characterize society in a narrow sense.

Goals and Relationships

Society, in the narrow sense of the word, arises so that each of its members can strengthen themselves by attracting like-minded people. Not every activity is a way of being for society. It is formed as a result of purposeful, directed activity.

Society in the narrow sense of the word is certain groups of people, regardless of their scale, who themselves form their own goals. It is this process that is the basis for the emergence of certain social groups. This process is carried out in a completely different way in a global sense. For society in the broad sense of the word, the goal is predetermined by the logic of nature itself - survival and expanded self-reproduction, preservation of oneself as a biological species.

Levels of society

The internal structure of society is heterogeneous. People strive to unite in accordance with their professional and amateur interests, to achieve goals and solve current problems.

For example, professional communities of people form their own code of conduct, standards of professional ethics, and exchange knowledge at conferences, seminars and other scientific and professional events.

National communities represent a different range of public interests - they are united according to geopolitical criteria and represent striking examples of society in the narrow sense of the word. A striking example is provided by small ethnic groups that defend independence despite the processes of integration and globalization.

The historical formation of society predetermines its forms of existence, the nature of which depends on the method of production.

Spheres of society

Society as the result and meaning of people’s life activities is closely studied by the science of nature, society and knowledge. There are four main spheres of human social life: economic, social, political and spiritual.

Economic. Relations between people in the process of production (as well as distribution and consumption) of a social product. Options for interacting societies are classes such as slaves and slave owners, capital and wage labor, producers and consumers of products, other classes and communities.

Social. Relations between people regulated by social institutions of classes, ethnic groups, nations, family and marriage, education, social protection (for example, parents and children, national minorities, emigrants, etc.).

Political. Interactions between people on the subject of power, politics, law, management of society (voters, political elite of society, lawyers, judiciary).

Spiritual sphere. Culture, art, science, morality, religion constitute the area of spiritual communications of people. In this area, if we talk about society in the narrow sense, we can distinguish the following classes: scientists, clergy, artists, producers, performers, believers, etc. This is also a sphere of production, only associated with the distribution and consumption of spiritual values

Social orientation

There are other examples of understanding what society is in the narrow sense, based on self-affirmation through the denial of certain norms and foundations developed in other public associations of people. Terrorist, extremist, so-called “extreme” associations.

Often such organizations try to draw attention to the very fact of their existence. They carry out terrorist acts and take responsibility in order to defend their interests, often at the expense of the interests of other communities.

Antagonistic contradictions are a natural process in the social dynamics of interactions. They serve as a catalyst for metabolic processes, and in this case, the timeliness and adequacy of society’s response to them is important.

Summary

If we examine the phenomenon of society in its interactions at the micro and macro levels, then it becomes quite obvious that dialectical processes are repeated at different levels, having only varying degrees of intensity and awareness.

Society is a living organism. Its social nature suggests that each element of the system is only a drop reflecting the world as a whole. Society in the narrow sense of the word repeats a single mechanism of development and resolution of internal contradictions, which we can observe on a global scale.

What should be understood by society in the broad and narrow sense of the word?

Marlboro

The complexity of defining the concept of “society” is associated primarily with its extreme generality, and in addition, with its enormous significance. This led to the presence of many definitions of this concept.
The concept of “society” in the broad sense of the word can be defined as a part of the material world isolated from nature, but closely connected with it, which includes: ways of interaction between people; forms of unification of people.
Society in the narrow sense of the word is a circle of people united by a common goal, interests, origin (for example, a society of numismatists, a noble assembly);
A separate specific society, country, state, region (for example, modern Russian society, French society);
Historical stage in the development of mankind (for example, feudal society, capitalist society);
Humanity as a whole.
Society is the product of the combined activities of many people. Human activity is a way of existence or being of a society. Society grows out of the life process itself, out of ordinary and daily activities of people. It is no coincidence that the Latin word socio means to unite, to unite, to undertake joint work. Society does not exist outside the direct and indirect interaction of people.
As a way of existence for people, society must perform a set of certain functions:
production material goods and services;
distribution of labor products (activities);
regulation and management of activities and behavior;
human reproduction and socialization;
spiritual production and regulation of human activity.
The essence of society lies not in people themselves, but in the relationships they enter into with each other in the course of their life. Consequently, society is the totality of social relations.

Define the word "society"..

during the exam they asked the question what “society” is, I couldn’t give a clear answer, or rather a scientific one... who knows, help))))

***Skarlett***

Society is a multi-valued concept used to define both social systems at various levels and associations of people who have a common origin, position, interests and goals.
In the broadest sense, society means a part of the material world isolated from nature, a set of historically established forms of joint activity of people - society. In a narrower sense, society is a complex social system, the main element of which is people with their connections, interactions and relationships.
Society is a fundamental category of philosophy and sociology. A philosophical and theoretical analysis of society is possible only on the basis of research into its ideal model. Throughout the history of mankind, there has been a constant search for this model and attempts to describe it.
Society is a system of economic, political and spiritual interactions of various social subjects (individuals, groups, institutions).

Cherries

SOCIETY
- a concept that fixes the subject of social philosophy: as a basic categorical structure, it foundations concepts developing in line with social realism; in the tradition of historicism, which focuses attention on history as the history of the spirit and on the immanent individual impulses of a person’s performance of this or that act, and not on integral (from the side of O. as a general) determinants, it is practically not used. In social realism it is defined - in a broad sense - as a systemic formation isolated from nature, which represents a historically changing form of human life, which manifests itself in the functioning and development of social institutions, organizations, communities and groups, and individuals; in a narrow sense, clothing is often understood as a historically specific type of social system (for example, industrial agriculture) or a separate social organism (for example, Japanese culture).
O. is a fundamental category of philosophy and sociology. Philosophical and theoretical analysis of O. is possible only on the basis of research of its ideal model. It is possible to identify the internal necessity of a real process only by freeing it from the concrete historical form, presenting the process in its “pure form”, in a logical form (Ideal type, Ideal type method). Theoretical analysis of oxygen involves considering it as an integral organism, the parts of which not only influence each other, but are also subordinate. Searching for reasons historical process everyone was doing philosophical systems since ancient times, producing a certain vision and certain methodological guidelines for private social sciences.
________________________________
Comp. A. A. Gritsanov, V. L. Abushenko, G. M. Evelkin, G. N. Sokolova, O. V. Tereshchenko.

Society in a broad sense is a set of historically established forms of joint activity of people, and in a narrow sense - a historically specific type of social system, a certain form of social relations.

Society is a community of people that has historically developed within a certain territory and reproduces itself, having its own system of management.
(I just ripped it off from a book on society =))) I wouldn’t have thought of it myself =)))

SOCIETY, in a broad sense, is a set of historically established forms of joint activity of people; in a narrow sense - a historically specific type of social system, a certain form of social relations (for example, society opposed to the state, in Hegel).

Elvira Pishigina

1. Society is a part of the world isolated from nature, but closely connected with it, which includes ways of interaction between people and forms of their association.
2. Society is a system that includes social institutions such as family, school, and states.
3. A set of interacting spheres public life- economic, political, social, spiritual.
4. The entire population of the Earth. This is in a broad sense.
In narrow:
1. A society of people united by some common goal. For example, a society of book lovers and dog breeders.
2. A certain stage of historical development. For example, primitive society, etc.
3. A set of people living in the same territory. French society, Russian society

1. Are the following statements true? A. There is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. B. Non-price factors of demand are the number

buyers, the number of their incomes, production technology, taxes and subsidies. Only A is true. Only B is true. Both judgments are correct. Both judgments are false.

2. Implementing budget policy, state 1

A.provides financing for public goods

B. carries out the seizure of part of the income of business entities

B. limits the personal income of individuals

G. adopts laws and other regulatory contributions to combat monopolies

3. Membership in a Buddhist community determines a person’s belonging to the community

A.demographic

B.professional

B.ethnic

G. confessional

4. the problem of rational economic choice is primarily related to

A. the law of supply and demand

B.economic decline in production

B.limited economic resources

G.with level unevenness economic development

5. Society in the broad sense of the word means

A. a certain stage human history

B. uniting people to realize interests

B.forms of uniting people and ways of their interaction

D. part of the material world - the natural habitat of people

6. Before the start of the beach season, the number of sellers of weight loss products increases sharply. This is the result

A.government regulation

B. price collusion of producers

B.customer demand

G.competition

distribute the following examples of the use of the concept “society” in the narrow and broad sense, respectively, write them in the columns either “in the narrow sense” or “in

broadly"
! beekeeping society
2 Part of the material world
3 bourgeois society
4 The entire population of the Earth
5 Scientific Society
6 Human history
7Russian societies
8form and method of joint life of people
9 ancient Greek society

1. In which phrase is the word “society” used in a broad sense?

1) The joint stock company held an annual meeting of shareholders.
2) The Society of Book Lovers organized a charity auction.
3) Society unites the past, present and future of humanity.
4) The city community protests against the construction of an expressway
highways.
2. Vera found out that Nadezhda told her classmates her secret. She did not find out the reasons for this act, but simply stopped talking
with hope. What is the best way to deal with interpersonal conflict?
illustrates this example?
1)mediation
2) care
3)arbitration
4) cooperation
3.During a special event, funds were raised for the orphanage.
The interconnection of which spheres of social life is primarily illustrated by
This fact?
1)social and economic
2) political and spiritual
3)economic and political
4)spiritual and economic

4.Are they true? the following judgments about global problems?
A. Global problems are a consequence of economic
activities of mankind.
B. Solving global problems requires joint efforts from all
humanity.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
5. Purposeful human activity to obtain new knowledge and
skills are called
1) art
2) education
3) creativity
4)morality
6.Are the following judgments about patriotism true?
A. Patriotism presupposes love and respect for historical traditions
of your country.
B. Patriotism presupposes a good knowledge of national history and
culture.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
7. Factors (resources) of production include(s)
1) profit
2)needs
3) labor
4) taxes
8.A certain amount of money that citizens and businesses owe
to pay the state is called
1) tax
2) percent
3) costs
4) dividends

9.During the pre-New Year sales in different cities of the world, consumers
actively purchase clothes and shoes at discounted prices. Buyers
often come to the doors of stores long before opening, line up
in long lines. What economic phenomenon is manifested in this
fact?
1) cooperation
2) inflation
3) offer
4)demand
10.Are the following judgments about money true?
A. Money is a measure of the value of goods and services produced.
B.B modern world the only form of payment is
use of cash.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect
11.Expected behavior of an individual related to his position in society and
typical for a given social group is called
1)social status
2)social mobility
3)social prestige
4)social role
12. There is a good tradition in S.’s family: every Sunday parents and their
children visit a museum or theater. What role of the family does this illustrate?
example?
1) joint housekeeping
2) distribution of household duties
3) ensuring material wealth
4)spiritual development of children

13.Are the following judgments about social groups true?
A. Each individual can belong to several social groups.
B. In large social groups, personal contacts between everyone are possible
members.
1) only A is correct
2) only B is correct
3) both judgments are correct
4) both judgments are incorrect

Definition of society

In the broadest sense, “society” means a part of the material world isolated from nature, a set of historically established forms of joint activity of people.

In a narrower sense, society is a complex social system, an integral formation, the main element of which is people with their connections, interactions and relationships; or as a historical stage, a certain form of social development (primitive society, feudal society, capitalist society); or as a specific society within one country (French society, Russian society, Japanese society, etc.).

The concept of “society,” which denotes the object of sociology, like many other words used in this discipline, came from everyday speech, where it never had a clear definition. So, for example, “society” can mean a special club community (like the Hunter Society), a group of people with prestige and privileges (for example, “high society”, “secular society”), an abstract set of people (in such cases they say that he or she is burdened by the absence of society).

It should also be noted that the concept of “society” partially coincides with the concepts of “culture” (used by anthropologists) and “nation state” (used by political scientists). However, "culture" is not necessarily defined by territorial boundaries or political independence. For example, we can talk about “Jewish culture” even though only a small proportion of Jews live in th State of Israel. In this case, we are talking about a common religious worldview and a special way of life. Anthropologists speak, for example, of Melanesian culture, although the peoples of Melanesia, scattered across the Pacific islands, are not united into one politically independent society.

washed up on a desert island will certainly be considered as such. Therefore, the meaning of the concept “society” cannot be judged only by quantitative criteria.

“No concept is more comprehensive in modern social science than society, and no concept is used more automatically and thoughtlessly than society, despite countless pages devoted to its definition. Textbook definitions revolve around the question: “What is society?”, while the arguments we have made regarding the unity of historical and social science force us to ask another question: “When and where is society?”

It is necessary to distinguish between three phenomena - country, state, society. Their boundaries do not always coincide. For example, no one has heard the phrase “Luxembourg society”, although Luxembourg is This a state, or country, in Western Europe, with an area of 2.6 thousand km 2 and a population of 392 thousand people. Today, the obvious problematic nature of the concept of society, conceivable on the basis of the territorial-state principle, has emerged.

Society existed in that distant era when there were no countries and states. Therefore, the concept of “society” is applicable to any historical era, to any group or association of people of any size. Society is the largest group living in a given territory. The signs that E. Shils expressed in concentrated form are applicable to him. A society is an association that meets the following criteria:

it is not part of any larger system;

marriages are concluded between representatives of this association;

it is replenished primarily by the children of those people who are already its recognized representatives;

the association has a territory that it considers its own own vein;

it has its own name and its own history;

it has its own control system;

the association exists longer than the average lifespan of an individual;

it is united by a common system of values (customs, traditions, norms, laws, rules, morals), which is called culture.

permanent territory - for example, Spain within its national borders;

replenishment of society mainly through childbirth, although immigration also plays some role here;

highly developed culture - cultural models can be diverse enough to satisfy all the needs of social life;

The concept of the world community, which is often called not a community, but a society, introduced new dimensions into the understanding of society. In its radical form, the world society thesis states that at present there is only one single social system - the supranational, world one. In such a case, Germany, USA, Norway or Pakistan are not societies.

Birthdays

/ 09-07-2013_05-53-35 / Society

Society in the narrow sense. Definition and examples of society in the narrow sense

Definition

The concept of “society”: broad and narrow meaning

Society as a result of human activity

Goals and Relationships

Levels of society

Spheres of society

Social orientation

Summary

What should be understood by society in the broad and narrow sense of the word?

Define the word "society"..

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