azan kz, azan listen
Azan(Arabic أذان‎‎ - announcement, invitation‎) - in Islam: a call to obligatory prayer. Reading adhan - muezzin(Turkic - Azanchi). While reading the adhan, the muezzin faces the Kaaba (qibla) and holds his earlobes with his thumbs and forefingers. A few minutes after the adhan, immediately before the prayer, the iqamat is read, consisting of the same formulas. The adhan is usually announced from the minaret of the mosque.

Saying the azan before prayer is an optional, but highly desirable (sunnah muakkada) act. It is also advisable for Muslims, some time after the birth of a child, to whisper in right ear azan The same is done with a person who has been possessed by evil spirits.

• 1 History
• 2 Text
• 3 Reading rules
• 4 Etiquette while listening to the adhan
• 5 Notes
• 6 Literature
• 7 Links

Story

A US Army soldier recites the adhan (2012)

According to legend, the adhan was established by the Prophet Muhammad in 622-623 and initially consisted of pronouncing the phrase as-salat jami'atan (“prayer - together”). The choice of the oral form of call was due to the existence of similar practices in pre-Islamic pagan Arabia. The same method of calling to prayer was used by the “false prophets” Musailima and Sajah.

According to legend, having moved to Mecca, the Prophet Muhammad called his companions to a council in order to choose a suitable call to prayer. Some companions suggested ringing bells, others lighting fires, and others blowing a trumpet. The Prophet rejected these proposals, since these were the customs of Christians, Zoroastrians and Jews. That same night, Abdullah ibn Zeid saw in a dream that a man in a green robe (the angel Jibril) approached him and taught him the words and procedure for performing the call to prayer. In the morning he went to the Prophet Muhammad and told him about this. Then it turned out that many companions saw similar dreams. After listening to them, Muhammad approved this form of adhan and instructed Abdullah ibn Zeid to teach the words of the adhan to Bilal ibn Rabah, who had a very beautiful voice. Thus, Bilal became the first muezzin in the history of Islam.

In the 1920s, 1930s, the Atatürk government insisted on replacing the traditional azan with Arabic its translation into Turkish. To prevent Islamic propaganda, the Arabic word “al-falyah” (salvation) was not translated into Turkish. For this reason, instead of the words “Haydi kurtuluşa” (Hurry to salvation), the “Turkish adhan” sounded “Haydı Fellaha”.

The ban on the adhan in Arabic was lifted in Turkey on June 6, 1950, after the opposition won the elections. It is believed that the use of the adhan in Turkish was contrary to the hadith, which states that the Arabic text does not retain its meaning when translated.

Text

The muezzin proclaims the adhan (Wilhelm Gentz, 1878).

The Sunni adhan consists of seven formulas.

Qty	Arabic text	Transcription	Translation
4 times	الله أكبر الله أكبر	Allahu Akbar	Allah is Great!
2 times	أشهد أن لا اله إلا الله	Ashẋadu al-la ilaẋa illa-lla	I testify that there is no god but Allah!
2 times	أشهد أن محمدا رسول الله	Ashẋadu anna Muhammadan Rasul-Llaẋ	I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!
2 times	حي على الصلاة	Haya ‘ala s-salaẋ	Go to prayer!
2 times	حي على الفلاح	Haya 'ala l-falyah	Seek salvation!
2 times	الصلاة خير من النوم	As-salatu khayru mina-n-naim	Prayer better sleep!
2 times	الله أكبر الله أكبر	Allahu Akbar	Allah is Great!
1 time	لا إله إلا الله	La ilaẋa illa-lla	There is no god but Allah!

Reading rules

While reciting the adhan, the muezzin must turn his face towards Mecca (qibla) and hold his earlobes with his thumbs and forefingers. The adhan should be read by people with a beautiful and sonorous voice. Azan is performed in a chant manner and slowly. Chanting the adhan should not turn into something like music.

After the adhan, a prayer is read, including the blessing of the Prophet Muhammad, his family and companions.

During the morning adhan, Sunnis say the words “As-salatu khairu mina-n-naum” (Prayer is better than sleep!). According to legend, Bilal ibn Rabah woke up the Prophet Muhammad with these words, who liked them so much that he allowed them to be used in the morning azan. Shiites also say the words “Ashhadu anna ‘Aliyan waliullah” and “Hayya ‘al khayra l-‘amal” (Go to a better cause!). At the end of the adhan, Shiites pronounce the words “La ilaha illallah!” twice.

When pronouncing the words “Hayya ‘ala s-salyah,” the muezzin turns his head to the right, and when pronouncing the words “Hayya ‘ala l-falyah,” he turns his head to the left.

Etiquette while listening to the adhan

A Muslim who has heard the adhan should repeat after the muazzin everything he says, right down to the words: Haya ‘ala s-salah, Haya ‘ala al-falyah. Instead of these words, Muslims need to say: “La hawla wa-la quwwata illa bi-Llah” (Arabic: لا حَـوْلَ وَلا قُـوَّةَ إِلاّ بِالله‎‎ - Strength and might only belong to Allah a!). Before the morning prayer, the words “As-salatu hairu mina-n-naum” (Prayer is better than sleep!) are replaced by the formula: “You said what is true and fair!”

After completing the azan, a prayer is said for the Prophet Muhammad: “Allahumma, Rabba hazihi-d-da'wati-t-tammati wa-s-sala-ti-l-kaima-ti, ati Muhammadan al-vasilyata wa-l-fadilyata wa- b'as-hu makaman mahmudan allazi wa'adta-hu, inna-kya la tuhlifu-l-mi'ada!

Notes

1. Azan // Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia. - Almaty: “Kazakh encyclopedias”, 2004. - T. I. - ISBN 9965-9389-9-7.
2. 1 2 3 4 5 Ali-zade, A. A., 2007
3. 1 2 3 4 5 Islam: ES, 1991
4. Ali-zade, A. A., 2007, Abdullah ibn Zeid
5. Words of remembrance of Allah spoken during adhan // Fortress of a Muslim / Comp. S. al-Qahtani; lane from Arabic A. Nirsha. - 4th. - M.: Umma, 2012. - ISBN 978-5-94824-175-3.
6. Translation: O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and this ongoing prayer, bring Muhammad to al-Wasila and to a high position and guide him to the place of praise that You promised him, verily You do not break a promise!

Literature

• Al-zade, A. A. Azan (archive) // Islamic encyclopedic dictionary. - M.: Ansar, 2007.
• Rezvan E. A. Azan // Islam: encyclopedic dictionary / rep. ed. S. M. Prozorov. - M.: Nauka, 1991. - P. 14.

Links

• Answers to questions about adhan / AskImam.Ru
• Azan: short history/ AskImam.Ru
• Azan time in various points globe / Adhan.Ru
• Azan and Iqamat / Umma.Ru
• Azan and Iqamat Al-Shia.Ru

Namaz
Obligatory Prayers	Fivefold prayer (Fajr · Dhuhr · Asr · Maghrib · Isha) · Juma · Idein · Janazah
Desirable prayers	Spirit · Istiqa · Istikhara · Kusuf · Voodoo · Tasbih · Ratibat · Tarawih · Tahajjud · Tahiyat al-Masjid · Hajat · Khusuf · Witr
Forms of prayers	Individual · Collective (jamaat) · Shortened (qasr) · Prayer of fear (khauf)
Basic elements of prayer	Rakaat · Takbir · Qiraat (standing) · Ruku ( bow from the waist) · Qiyam (standing) · Sujud (prostration) · Kugud (sitting)
Conditions for prayer	Taharat (purification): Ghusl (bathing) Wudhu (ablution) Avrat Qibla Prayer times Azan· Iqamat · Niyat
Duas recited in prayer	al-Fatiha · Wajakhtu · Qunut · Tashahhud · Salawat · Taslim
Dhikr recited after prayer	Ayat al-Kursi · Tasbih · Alhamdulillah · Takbir
Category · Commons · Imam · Muezzin · Khutbah · Rug · Sutra

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The Muslim religion has its own canons and norms, which sometimes look complicated to the uninitiated. For example, adhan is a completely common practice in Islam, although this ritual does not exist in Christianity. Therefore, people professing a different religion, finding themselves among Muslims, often do not understand the essence of this daily religious call to prayer.

Unfortunately, even some Muslims (especially young people), who were not raised from childhood in an atmosphere of Islam and the worship of Allah, sometimes wonder why the azan is necessary. It is worth understanding this issue in more detail.

What is the call to prayer for?

Every devout Muslim knows what adhan is. This is essentially a call to prayer, which is known to be performed five times a day. Accordingly, the call in Islam is proclaimed the same number of times - before each prayer. However, many Muslims, even hearing these beautiful words, do not think about them and therefore do not realize it.

Its uniqueness lies in the fact that the prayer to which it calls is obligatory, but the call itself is only desirable - if necessary, you can do without it. At the same time, he considers the call to prayer very important part ritual. The muezzin must read the adhan in any locality where Muslims live.

This is not only a kind of notification that it is time for prayer, but also a desire to remind us why the prayer itself is needed. Translated from Arabic, the word “adhan” means “notification, announcement.” Muslims believe that the time for each prayer was set by Allah himself. However, a true believer may, for various reasons, miss the exact deadline, which is why the muezzin’s duties include reporting that it is time for prayer.

If the number and time of prayers were determined by the Almighty, then azans were introduced into his ritual by the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) in the first third of the 7th century (1st century Hijri). There is a legend that tells about the creation of the call to prayer. According to him, the first Muslims living in Medina, where the prophet was at that time, did not know the exact time of prayer and told the Messenger of Allah about this. Various methods of notification were even proposed - some suggested using large pipes or a bell, others - posting special signs.

Finally, one of the Prophet’s followers, Abdullah ibn Zeid, saw in a dream a man carrying a zurna in his hand. Abdullah asked to sell the instrument, explaining that he wanted to notify people that it was time for prayer. However, the person said that there was a better way to do this and gave the full text of the adhan. Having woken up, he told the Prophet Muhammad (saw) about everything, and he approved both the text of the announcement and the method itself. Since then, prayer time alerts around the world have been read this way.

Some researchers believe that the man who appeared to Abdullah in a dream was none other than the angel Jibril.

Originally it was a single phrase translated as “congregational prayer.” However, in Arabia, even before the rise of Islam, there were pagan rituals somewhat similar to this beautiful call. Therefore, the modern text of the call to prayer was gradually formed, which was determined by both outdated pagan rules and the new Islamic religion.

In order to read the adhan, the muezzin must turn towards the Kaaba and pronounce the words measuredly and melodiously. Immediately after the call is announced, a dua follows (that is, a special short prayer), where the Prophet himself, as well as his family and followers, are blessed. At the same time, the pre-prayer ritual is considered incomplete without pronouncing the iqama, which is read after notification of the time of prayer, a few minutes later.

Number and time of announcement

Before he begins to read, he must perform ablution, and during the announcement, make sure that his voice reaches all directions. If it is almost inaudible from one side of the minaret, the muezzin is charged with walking around the building so that the call can be heard by everyone. Finally, regardless of what time the call is announced, he must be completely absorbed in this matter and in no case be distracted - especially by greetings.

The main requirement for a person reading the adhan is to have a beautiful and strong voice. The call to prayer is read loudly and measuredly. In contrast, iqamat is pronounced quickly (although this does not mean that these words can be spoken slurred and crumpled).

The canonical adhan is announced in Arabic, although the muezzin must convey the meaning of this call to believers, and therefore read it in the language spoken by those listening. The text of the call itself is simple, but requires repetition of individual phrases. This is what it looks like in Arabic:

الله أكبر الله أكبر (four times);

أشهد أن لا اله إلا الله (twice);

أشهد أن محمدا رسول الله (twice);

حي على الصلاة (twice);

حي على الفلاح (twice);

الله أكبر الله أكبر (twice);

لا إله إلا الله (one time).

If you read the translation, the phrases look very simple, but they contain deep meaning. The repetition and simplified language appear to be intended to appeal to the subconscious minds of Muslims, explaining to them why prayer is so important. Azan in Russian sounds like this:

Great is Allah (4 times)

I testify that there is no other deity except Allah (2 times)

I also testify that the Messenger of Allah is Muhammad (2 times)

Hasten to prayer (2 times)

Hasten to your salvation (2 times)

Great is Allah (2 times)

There is no other god but Allah (1 time).

It should be noted that the morning adhan has a slight difference from all other calls that are pronounced during the day. Another phrase is inserted into its text, which is pronounced after the words “Hurry to your salvation” and is also repeated twice. It goes like this: “Prayer is better than sleep.” All other phrases have the same sound. The summoning formula is not complicated, so it is quite easy to remember.

Rules of conduct for believers

It should not be assumed that Muslims who come out to listen to the call should simply perceive it as a reminder to begin prayer. After all, the azan is a component of the prayer ritual, which means that a certain response and action is required on the part of the listeners.

The rules dictate that these words must be responded to immediately, putting aside all the things that a person is busy with at the time. Even if at that moment you are reading the Koran, at the sound of the call you need to interrupt what you are doing. And the point is not only that from this moment you begin to internally prepare for prayer, but that you need to repeat after the muezzin - and this requires a certain concentration.

By pronouncing the words, a person feels how the adhan calms the soul. All these phrases must be repeated exactly as the person calling them says. But there are two exceptions. When you hear the words “There is no other god but Allah,” you must answer, “Only Allah is strong and omnipotent.” And when it comes morning time call and the muezzin reminds: “Prayer is better than sleep,” believers must answer: “Truly these words are fair.”

Thus, the announcement of prayer is read by both parties - both the one who announces the call to prayer and the one who listens to the announcement. All this allows a person to tune into a prayerful mood and perform namaz after adhan with inspiration and true humility. Moreover, if you are far away (for example, on a trip) and know that the time for prayer is coming, then you need to read the call yourself and only then start praying.

In Islam there are a number of rules that must be strictly followed. This applies to all aspects of the life of a devout Muslim, and the adhan is no exception. Since performing namaz is a component, prayer and call are closely related, and therefore require compliance with established requirements.

1. A woman cannot read the adhan; this is only allowed for a man. In this case, the announcer must be exclusively Muslim. If there is no man and only women have gathered for prayer, then instead of the azan they can read the iqamat.
2. It cannot be said while sitting, and those who listen should not talk while these words are being read, much less laugh. The Iqamat is read, as a rule, by the same person who called for prayer, although this is not a mandatory requirement. But if you are in the area when reading the call, the call to prayer does not need to be repeated after the muezzin. However, reading the Iqama is mandatory in any case.
3. When announcing the call, the muezzin must cover his ears with his index fingers (according to another version, he should hold his earlobes with his index finger and thumb). This is required in order to raise your voice. When saying “Hurry to prayer,” he must turn his head to the right, and when saying “Hurry to your salvation,” he must turn to the left.

The rules say nothing about how pure the person listening to the call must be. But at the same time, the one who announces the adhan must undergo purification in advance. After all, these words call for spiritual purity, so he is obliged to notify only after ablution.

Today, calls, even being deeply woven into Islamic rituals of prayer, can be considered a separate cultural trend. If you want to understand the beauty of these chants, you can watch the adhan video. It is worth not only listening to the muezzin’s voice, but also looking at the expression on his face while pronouncing the call to prayer in order to understand the meaning of any call and how much it can influence the soul of any person.

I start with the name of Allah. All praise belongs to Allah, may blessings and greetings be upon the Messenger of Allah, his family and companions! May Allah guide us all to what He loves and what He will be pleased with!

When the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) wanted to create a method of calling people to prayer, he consulted with his companions. Some companions related a dream they saw about one of the believers reciting the adhan, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) agreed that this way was the best.

The value of adhan in our religion is very great: it is a sign of Islam where Muslims live. Allah praised the muezzins, saying: “ Whose speech is more beautiful than the speech of the one who calls to Allah and acts righteously!.. "(Sura Fussilat, verse 33).

Muezzins (callers of prayer) on the Day of Judgment will be the highest " The muezzin is, as it were, the deputy of Allah (Holy and Great is He) in calling slaves to the gates of the Almighty.

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) told us about the greatness of this matter, and the believer is recommended to strive for it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “ If people knew what reward awaited for calling and being in the front row during prayer, and there was no other choice but to draw lots, then they would draw lots for this "(Imam Muslim, No. 437).

People should be imbued with the greatness and dignity of the adhan. The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “ If someone reads the adhan, then whoever hears it, be it a man or a genie, even if a stone or clay hears it, they will testify to what they heard on the Day of Judgment ».

The most important ethical points that a muezzin must observe are fear of God, honesty, facing the Kaaba, and performing ablution during adhan.

It is desirable that the muezzin be vocal; The sunnah is to raise your voice when reading the adhan, rise to a high place, because before there were no microphones, cover your ears with your index fingers while reading the adhan and read it in the well-known common form: “Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar...” - and so on until the end. It is advisable to turn when reading the words “Hayya ala ṣ-salah”, “Hayya ala-falyah” to the right and to the left.

It is also advisable for the muezzin to do “tarji”, that is, after reading the takbirs to himself, read “Ashhadu alla ilaha illallah” twice and “Ashhadu anna Muhammad rasulullah” twice, then read the same thing in a loud voice, and in total it turns out four times .

In the call for morning prayer It is advisable to make “taswib”, that is, say: “Assalatu khairu mina navm” (“Namaz is better than sleep”). This is an important sunnah that is performed while reciting the adhan. It is advisable that the muezzin also read the iqamat, stretch out his voice during the azan, and when reading the iqamat, read it a little faster.

According to the testimony of Mrs. Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), when he heard the adhan, his behavior changed: “The Messenger of Allah talked to us, joked, but if the time for prayer came, he became as if he had not knew us, but we did not know him.” That is, he left everything and prepared for prayer.

When we hear the muezzin, we need to prepare for prayer and leave all our activities, be it conversation, work, or even reading the Koran - we should leave all activities, since this is a call from Allah himself through the muezzin.

Then it is advisable to repeat what the muezzin says. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) told us: “ Whoever repeats the words of the muezzin sincerely will enter heaven " Another version of the hadith says: “ ...he will be worthy of my intercession " It is advisable to repeat after the muezzin while reading the words “ Ashhadu anna to Muhammad Rasulullah ", say:

رضيت بالله رباً، وبالإسلام ديناً ، وبمحمدٍ نبيا

Meaning: " I also testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, I am pleased with Allah as Lord, Islam as religion, Muhammad as Prophet ».

While the muezzin is reading the words “Hayya ala ṣ-salaah”, “Hayya ala-falyah”, say:

لاحولولاقوةإلابالله

Meaning: " There is no strength and power except from Allah the Majestic».

In the morning call, when the muezzin reads the words “Assalatuhairu mina navm,” one should say:

صدقت وبررت وبالحق نطقت

Meaning: " You are right and you spoke the truth».

اَللّهُمَّ رَبَّ هذِهِ الدَّعْوَةِ التّامَّةِ وَالصَّلاةِ الْقائِمَةِ آتِ سَيِّدَنا مَحَمَّدً الْوَسيلَةَ وَالْفَضيلَةَ وَابْعَثْهُ مَقامًا مَحْمُودًا الَّذي وَعَدْتَهُ وَارْزُقْنا شَفاعَتَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ إِنَّكَ لا تُخْلِفُ الْميعادْ

Meaning: " O Allah! Lord of this full call (adhan) and prayer performed, grant our master Muhammad the degree of al-Wasilyat and bring him to the level of Maqam-mahmud that You promised him. Grant us the intercession of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the Day of Judgment, truly You do not break promises" Then you can read any dua you want.

Whoever reads this dua, Allah will exalt him by honoring him with intercession, because this prayer for the degree of “al-Wasilyat” to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) can help us receive shafaat on the Day of Judgment.

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) told us that the prayer between azan and iqama cannot be rejected - this is an important time that a believer uses to appeal to Allah Almighty (Holy and Great is He).

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “ When Shaitan hears the adhan, he immediately runs away from the adhan, because the adhan strikes him, burns him and pushes him away. ».

Azan is a mercy to us from Allah. When a person hears the call to prayer, which sounds from Muslim minarets in different corners, he feels calm and many troubles go away from him. Adhan is associated with the signs of Islam, including the greatest sign in Islam - the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When you hear the adhan, try to feel how our Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) behaved when he heard the adhan, how he addressed Allah, so that our entry into prayer would be like that of our Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). Thus, we will be perfect in following the worthy deeds of the best creation - the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) - and we will correspond to the meaning of the words of Allah: “ Say (O Muhammad): “If you love Allah, then follow me, and then Allah will love you "" (Surah Alyu Imran, verse 31).

Sermon transcript Muhammad al-Saqafa.

Azan and Iqamat - What does it mean. When it was prescribed.

AZAN - This is the Call to Prayer. A prescription according to the Sunnah, close to Mandatory. The Azan indicates the beginning of the time for each of the five prayers. Every day Muslims read 5 prayers, therefore, the Azan is said 5 times.

Azan's words:

Allahu Akbar-ul-Lahu Akbar!
Allahu Akbar-ul-Lahu Akbar!	Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest!
Ashhadu al la ilaha illa-l-Laah!	I testify that there is no god but Allah!
Ashhadu anna Muhammadar-rasul-l-Laah!	I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!
Allahu akbar-ul-lahu akbar.
La ilaha illa-l-Laaah!	There is no god but Allah!

In the Morning Azan after the words “Hayya Al-Falah” twice pronounced:

“As-Salatu khairum-minan-naum! “As-Salatu khairum-minan-naum!” -

Prayer is better than sleep! - Prayer is better than sleep!

The opportunity to read the Azan is for a Muslim a great blessing from Allah Almighty. This opinion is based on the words of Hazrat the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam):

“If Muslims knew about the greatest blessing that is given for proclaiming the Azan and for standing in the front row in prayer, and if they then did not have the opportunity to do this (due to the large number of people willing), they would draw lots.”

In the book "Mir'at-ul-Haramain" It says: “The recitation of Azan began in the first year of Hijra in Medina. Until this time, notification of the time of prayer was carried out by the exclamation - As-salatu jami'a. The first performer of the Azan in Medina was Bilal al-Habashi, and the first muadzin of Mecca was Habib b. Abdurrahman (may Allah be pleased with them). First Azan before Friday prayer was introduced during the reign of Caliph Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him). At first, this Azan, like others, was read inside the mosque. During the time of Caliph Abd-ul-Malik, the ruler of Medina, Abban b. Uthman ordered this Azan to be read from the minaret. Malik Nasir b. Mansur in 700 ordered to read salavat (as-salatu wa-s-salaam) on Fridays before Azan. In 58, by order of the caliph Hazrat Muawiya (may Allah be pleased with him), the ruler of Egypt, a companion of Maslama b. Mahled (may Allah be pleased with them) ordered the construction of the first Minaret and ordered the salavat to be read to Muadzin Sharhabil before the morning Azan.”

In the book "Mevahib-i lyadunNiyat", as well as in a hadith from Abdullah b. Umar from Sahih Bukhari, it is reported: “ In the first year of the Hijrah, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) consulted his companions about the call to prayer. Various proposals were received: some advised to announce prayer by striking a bell like the Nazarenes; who suggested blowing a trumpet like the Jews; who - to light a fire in a high place like fire worshipers. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) did not accept any of these proposals. Then Hazrat Umar remarked: “Why don’t we appoint a responsible person who would call for joint prayer?” To this the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Get up, Bilal, call people to prayer.” ».

In the book "al-Bedaiu's-Sanai fi tartibu-sh-Sharay" Imam al-Kasani writes that after Abdullah b. Zeid reported that he saw and heard in a dream how someone called to prayer by reading the Azan, on the same days Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) reported the same dream. Ibn-i Abidin in his collection "Redd-ul-Mukhtar ale-d-Durr-ul-Mukhtar" on this occasion he adds: “The author of Feth-ul-Qadir (Ibn-i Humam) conveys the messages of Abdullah b. Zeida from the book « Siraj..." with all the confirmations, where he also talks about like a dream and Hadhrat Umar". Further, the imam explains:

“The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) really liked this form of announcement, and he ordered from now on to call for prayer with a similar Azan.”

When performing prayer at home or in the field, it is also highly advisable to read Azan And Iqamat . Before the time of prayer, neither the Adhan nor the Iqamat is read. Reading the Azan and Iqamat when restoring missed prayers is an Obligation according to the Sunnah. It is undesirable for a wicked Muslim (fasik) to pronounce the Azan. A teenager who is sufficiently educated for his age is allowed to read the Azan.

Women do not read either the Azan or the Iqamat. If someone reads the Koran during the call to prayer, he is obliged to stop reading and repeat the words of the Azan. The call to prayer must be listened to with respect and repeated quietly, without disturbing others.

Only the expressions “Hayya alas-salah... Hayya ala-falyah...” are not repeated. At this point, Azana quietly says: “Laa haulya wa laa kuvvata illyaa billahi Aliyi-l-Azyym.”

At the end, salavat is pronounced

“Allahumma salli alaa sayyidina Muhammadin wa alaa ali sayyidina Muhammad.”

and the following prayer to Allah Ta'ala is read:

“Allahumma rabbi hazihi’d-da’vati’t tamatti vassalatil-kaaimati ati Muhammadini’l-vasilyati wal fazilyati wab’askhu makaaman mahmudanillazi vaadathu, innaka la tukhlifu’l-miada.”

A Muslim pronouncing the Azan is called " Muadzin"

Qualities a Muadzin Should Possess:

1) Be reasonable and capable. A weak-minded adult or an unreasonable child cannot be a muadzin.

2) Be an adult. Despite the permissibility of pronouncing the Azan by a prudent teenager, it is still more beneficial when the muadzin is an adult.

3) Have a correct understanding of the Qiblah and correctly distinguish between the times of prayer.

4) Have the understanding that the call to prayer he performs is Sunnah.

5) Be a serious, morally pure person.

6) Be in a state of ablution.

7) If possible, perform your duties for free, for the sake of Allah Almighty.

8) In mosques and other places, before congregational prayer, read the Azan while standing, in a high voice and, if possible, on a more or less elevated place.

IKAMAT - Notice of the Beginning of Joint Prayer.

Pronounced the same way as Azan, but before the mandatory ones ( Fard) prayers and, after the words “Hayya ala-falyah”, the words are pronounced twice:

“Kad kemati-s-salah - Kad kemati-s-salah”! - “Prayer begins - Prayer begins”!

“Kad Kamati-s-salah - Kad-kamati-s-salah”! - “Prayer begins - Prayer begins”!

Allahu Akbar-ul-Lahu Akbar!	Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest!
Allahu Akbar-ul-Lahu Akbar!	Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest!
Ashhadu al la ilaha illa-l-Laah!	I testify that there is no god but Allah!
Ashhadu al la ilaha illa-l-Laah!	I testify that there is no god but Allah!
Ashhadu anna Muhammadar-rasul-l-Laah!	I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!
Ashhadu anna Muhammadar-rasul-l-Laah!	I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah!
Hayyya alas-salah, Hayyya alas-salah	Hurry to Prayer, - Hurry to Prayer!
Hayyya ala-fallah, Hayyya alaal-fallah	Hurry to Salvation, - Hurry to Salvation!
Kad kamat-s-salatu, Kad kamat-s-salah!	Prayer begins, - Prayer begins!
Allahu akbar-ul-lahu akbar.	Allah is Great - Allah is Great!
La ilaha illa-l-Laaah!	There is no god but Allah!

SOME PROVISIONS OF THE AZAN AND IQAMAT

1) When performing the prayer together, the Iqamat is read aloud

2) In mosques where prayers are performed together, it is undesirable ( Makrooh) read prayers without Azan and Iqamat.

3) If the Adhan was heard from a nearby mosque, then there is no need to repeat it before the prayer of that time. However, the Iqamat must be pronounced in any case.

4) Reading Azan and Iqamat before restoring any missed Obligatory ( Fard) Prayer is sunnah. If several prayers are repeated one after another, then reading the Azan before the first prayer is sufficient. The Iqamat must be read before each prayer.

5) You cannot greet the muadzin when he reads the Azan and Iqamat. It is also highly undesirable (Makruh) for a muadzin to respond to such greetings.

6) Azan and Iqamat are read only in Arabic. They will not be valid if spoken in another language.

7) When reading the Azan and Ikamat, the muadzin is not allowed to walk, pronounce other words, or engage in extraneous affairs. The only permitted movement is the passage of the muadzin to his place for prayer when he pronounces the words: “Kad kematis-salah, - Kad kematis-salah!”

9) It is sunnah to face the Qibla when reading the Azan and Ikamat. Only when they say “Hayya ala-s-salah” do they turn their heads to the right, and when they say “Hayya ala-s-salah” do they turn their heads to the left.

It is desirable (Mustahab) that the Iqamat be pronounced by the same person who read the Azan. It is highly undesirable to read the Iqamat to another person without the permission of the imam (Makrooh), since Bilal al-Habashi asked permission from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to recite the Iqamat. In a hadith reported by Ibni Adiyy from Ziyad b. Harith al-Sudai says: “I asked permission from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) to recite the Iqamat. In response I was told: “The Muadzin has more rights to the Azan, and the Imam has more rights to (instructions on reciting) the Iqamat.”

10) It is advisable (Mustahab) to make a supplication to Allah subhana-hu wa taala between Azan and Iqamat. Since according to messages from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) it is known that the prayer at this time will not be rejected.

11) It is highly advisable (Sunnah) to listen carefully to the Azan. And it is advisable (Mustahab) to repeat the words of the Azan.

12) According to the Hanafi and Hanbali madhhab, when pronouncing the Iqamat, the one who enters the mosque must sit down and wait until the imam reaches the mihrab. While reading the Iqamat, the jamaat does not stand up for prayer until the imam stands up, since the collections of Bukhari and Muslim contain the hadith: “ Hazrat the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When the Iqamah is pronounced, do not get up for prayer until you see me.” .

13) As when reciting the Azan, the Iqamat is pronounced in a state of ablution and in the direction of the Qibla. It is sunnah not to talk or walk.

14) There should not be a long pause between the recitation of the Ikamat and the performance of the prayer (for example, eating). If the pause is long, then the Iqamat will need to be repeated. Therefore, after pronouncing the Iqamat and before pronouncing the Opening Takbir, the Imam is allowed a pause only to straighten the rows.

1. After the birth of a child, Azan is read in his left ear, and Iqamat is read in his right ear. Since the daughter of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) Fatima, after the birth of her son Hassan (may Allah be pleased with them), read the Azan in his ear

4. To protect yourself from the evil of jinn and devils, who sometimes appear before people in the form of a person, it is also recommended to read the Azan. Because the shaitan, having heard the Azan, tries to run away from this place.

On the Meaning and Essence of Some Worships Associated with Prayer

AZAN is the loud voice of Islam, proclaiming that a Muslim is free man. Azan is a continuation of the call of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) by representatives of his community, which will continue until the End of the World.

Azan - announces what a person strives for, what he is concerned about and what he hopes for.

Azan is a every minute reminder to the whole world of the Unity and Greatness of Allah Almighty.

Azan is an invitation to worship Allah Almighty and evidence that there is no other deity worthy of worship; that no other worship can relieve the troubles in this world, and avoid the fire of Hell after the Day of Judgment.

In the book "Gayatu-t-tahkyk" section “Had-ud-dallin” it is reported that in the third volume of the book "Hilye-tu-l-Auliya" A hadith is reported from Abdullah Ibni Abbas in which the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When Iblis (Satan) was brought down to Earth, he asked Allah Almighty:

“By lowering Adam to Earth, You showed his descendants the Path to salvation through the Books and Prophets. How will this be accomplished?” Allah Almighty replied: “Through the angels, the famous prophets and the four famous books.” Iblis: “And what books and what prophets will You give me so that I can deceive and confuse them”? Allah Almighty: “Your book will be poetry and music that corrupts the soul of man. Your prophets will be soothsayers, fortune-tellers, sorcerers and magicians. Your food will be intoxicating drinks, as well as everything that will be drunk and eaten without mentioning My name. Your instructions will be deception , home - sports grounds and baths; your traps are half-dressed girls;

your chapels are places where the wicked (fasyk) gather. And your Muadzins will be mizmars (musical instruments and devices).”

[From Abdullah Ibni Abbas].

Bukhari and Muslim cite a hadith in their collections: “When you hear the voice of the muadzin, then repeat what he says, and then say salawat to me.” (DMIF, I-437)

Question: Is it possible to get paid for reciting the daily Azan and similar activities?

According to madhhabs Hanafi And Shafi'i allowed to receive wages for the position of Muadzin, Imam of a certain mosque, for the position of Mudarris (head of the Madrasah) and for other similar positions.

Malikis make a clarification: Yes, it is allowed to receive a salary for the daily Azan and Iqamat. However, the position of imam is permitted only on the condition that he combines this position with the position of Muadzin. An imam can receive a salary only if the salary is allocated from a state or charitable fund. But it is undesirable for him to receive money collected from parishioners.

Hanbalis They believe that if there is a person who agrees to read the Azan and Iqamat daily for free, then hiring Muadzin for money is impermissible. If there are no volunteers, then those responsible for the affairs of the mosques investigate the situation, and only if there is a need, hire such a person for a fee. (DMIF, I - 436, 437).

In a hadith from Abdullah b. Zaid, narrated by at-Tirmidhi, says: “The Azan and Iqamat of the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) were paired.”

This is confirmed by a hadith transmitted from Jabir: “When you read the Azan, try to do it slowly, and when pronouncing the Iqamat, do it faster, and remember that between the Azan and the Iqamat you will need to allocate as much time as the person who heard the Azan needs to finish his food. »

Ibni Adiy - Abu Ahmad Abdullah b. Adiy ad-Jurjani (Ibn-ul-Kassar; 279-365). A major scholar of hadith (hafiz). Author of the book "Al-Kamil".

The hadith cited by Bukhari and Muslim says: “Keep the rows straight. Since the ability to keep straight rows increases the possible benefits for prayer.”

Dictionary meaning of the word adhan "notify, announce, call" and as an expression, adhan is an announcement to the faithful that the time of prayer, obligatory for all Muslims, has begun. The word muezzin, which has the same root meaning, means - "reading azan", mi"zana "place for reading adhan"(minara).

IN Holy Quran the word azan in one place is expressed in the sense "proclamation, notice"(at-Tawbah, 9/3), but as an expression in the form "call, call" passes in two verses (al-Maida, 5/58; al-Jumah, 62/9). The word azan appears in various forms in seven verses of the Koran (al-Baqarah, 2/279; al-Araf, 7/167; al-Hajj, 22/27), and the word muezzin in the meaning " herald calling" passes in two verses (al-Araf, 7/44; al-Yusuf, 12/70). In hadiths, the word azan often appears as an expression of various types (noun, verb).

Despite the fact that namaz became fard for Muslims, the method of notifying the time of namaz was not known until the Hijra of the Prophet Muhammad in Medina. During the Medina period, Muslims gathered together from time to time and monitored the times of prayer. For some time, heralds walked the streets calling " as-salah as-salah"(for prayer, for prayer), but this was not a way out of the situation. The need for some means of notifying the time of prayer was obvious. Various proposals were received - to knock on a beater or a beam (in ancient times, Christians instead bell ringing they used a board, which they knocked on with a mallet or a stick), blew a trumpet, lit a fire, raised a banner. But the Prophet Muhammad did not agree with any of the proposals, because... the beat symbolized the Christians, the trumpet ringing of the Jews, the fire of the pagans. At this time, one of the ashabs named Abdullah b. Zaid b. Sa'leb dreamed of the azan. The next morning, Abdullah came to the Prophet and told about his dream. Following this, the Prophet Muhammad ordered the venerable Bilal to read the sentences of the azan in the azan twice, and in the iqama once once. Meanwhile, the venerable Umar also came to the Prophet Muhammad and told him that he also had the same dream, but Abdullah b. Zayd was ahead of him and was the first to tell about his dream (Bukhari, Azan).

Bilal climbed onto the high roof of the house of one of the women from the Sons of Najjar tribe and read the morning adhan (Abu Dawud) for the first time. Thus, the azan was generally recognized in the 1st year of the Hijri (622), and according to one of the legends in the 2nd year of the Hijri (623). Subsequently, a special place for reciting the adhan was built at the back of al-Masjid an-Nabawi.

The adhan, along with the fact that it was not accepted through the sunnah, is confirmed in the Quran with the words: " When you call for prayer, they mock it and consider it entertainment. This is because they are foolish people."(al-Maida, 5/58); " O you who believe!When you are called to pray on Friday, strive to understand Allah and leave trading. It would be better for you, if only you knew."(al-Jumah, 62/9).

Azana consists of the following words:

"Allahu Akbar"
(Allah is Great) - 4 times
"Ash-hadu Allah Ilaha Illalah"
(I testify that there is no god but Allah) - 2 times
"Ash-hadu anna Muhammad Rasul Allah"
(I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah) - 2 times
"Haya 'ala-s-Salah"
(Hurry to prayer, hurry to prayer) - 2 times
"Haya 'ala-l-falah"
(Hurry to salvation, hurry to salvation) - 2 times
"Allahu Akbar"
(Allah is Great) - 2 times
"La ilaha illa-lah"
(There is no god but Allah)

During the morning adhan after two times " "Haya 'ala-l-falah" repeat twice words " (prayer is more blissful than sleep) and it’s called " taswib".

In its meaning and content, the adhan is a call to both prayer and Islam. More precisely, on the one hand, through the adhan, Muslims are called to prayer and, on the other hand, it once again confirms the unshakable truth of the three principles of Islam - the unity of Allah, Muhammad is His messenger, real salvation in a happy akhirat. If we take into account that the times of prayer are established as a result of the position of the globe in relation to the sun and rotation around its axis, then the continuous recitation of the azan in all corners of the globe and the ascension of this divine message at any time of the day will become clear. Many hadiths transmitted on behalf of the Prophet Muhammad emphasize important meaning and reading the adhan (Bukhari).

Adhan is recited for fard prayers. If a prayer is heard being read in a mosque, then a separate azan is not required for prayers performed at home. Those who are in a place far from reading the adhan or far from settlements can recite the adhan. Adhan is not recited for Juma Namaz (Friday Namaz), Witr Namaz, Eid Namaz (Al-Fitr, Al-Adha), Tarawih, Namaz, Rain Prayer and all other Namaz that are not Fard. During the time of the Prophet Muhammad, they did not read the adhan for prayers that are not fard, prayers in the case of solar eclipse and the like. Muslims were called upon with words " as-salatu al-jamia"(go to prayer with the community) (Bukhari). Reading the azan in a quiet voice to a newborn in the right ear, and the mandub in the left iqama (if done, it is considered sawab, if not done, it is not considered a sin) (Abu Dawud).

The muezzin must have a strong and sonorous voice, read the azan slowly from a high place so that people have the opportunity to repeat after him, in order for the voice to come out more loudly, put the tip of the index finger to the ear or put the palms to the ears, stand facing the qiblah, "Haya 'ala-s-Salah" turn your face to the right "Haya 'ala-l-falah" to the left, observe the principles and norms of Islam and perform ablution before reading the azan - all this is mustahab (mustahab are actions often performed by the Prophet. Those who perform mustahab will be rewarded (sawab). Those who do not comply will not be considered sinful and will not be held accountable on the Day of Judgment ).

Having heard the adhan, every believer must repeat the words of the adhan after the muezzin. Only with words "Haya 'ala-s-Salah"and "Haya 'ala-l-falah" say instead of these words " La hawla wa la quwwata illa billah"(all changes, all power and actions are possible only with the will of Allah). Hearing a sentence added to the morning adhan "" al-Salatu khayrum min an-nawm" need to talk " Sadakta va berirta"(he said the truth and correctly).

After the adhan, the following dua is read below, which the Prophet Muhammad himself read and which will contribute to the patronage of the Prophet of Islam:

"Allahumma Rabba Hazihi" d da "vati" t tamme wa "s salati" l kaima ati Muhammadan

al-vasilata ve"l fazilata wa"b"askhu makaman mahmudeni"llesi vaadtah"

" O Allah, Lord of this perfect call and this ongoing prayer, bring (bestow) Muhammad to al-Wasila and to the highposition and point (lift) towardsa place of praise that Youpromised him, verily, You do not break your promise!(Bukhari, Azan, 81)

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