“And yet everything that is created does not rest in Me. Behold My mystical possession! Although I am the support of all living objects and although I am everywhere, I am not part of this cosmic manifestation, since I Myself am the very source of creation.” .
Materialists and even philosophical thinkers cannot understand how God is simultaneously everywhere and at the same time He is a Person. It doesn't fit in their head. They think - either this or that, thus limiting the Absolute. Those who work for the fruits of labor sometimes accept...
Many thousands of years ago, Egypt was not yet a magnificent paradise, shining in the beauty of the most luxurious vegetation and was not inhabited by millions of inhabitants; the soil for the most part was not yet cultivated, the people were ignorant and wild and lived on reeds, grass, fish, water animals and meat.
But it had to be different, it was destined to be so.
On the banks of the Nile stood the small city of Tape. One day, so the legend tells, a voice was heard from on high, which loudly announced: “The Lord of the world will appear on...
The word god, in Egyptian, is neter, in ancient Egypt had a completely different meaning than it had for us or for the Greeks and Romans. Neter meant exalted, venerable; the sky, the sun, the earth, the Nile - there were Peters, in the same way - heroes of past times.
Founders and builders of the state; even every king was a peter, if he really was what he should have been - a defender and trustee of the country; and altars were erected to him, just as the good son prayed daily before the idol of his father and made sacrifices to...
"From multi-headed Nagas I am Ananta, among the inhabitants of the waters I am the demigod Varuna. Of the ancestors I am Aryama, and among the rulers of the law I am Yama, the lord of death."
Naga means snakes, among them Ananta, the expansion of God - the greatest.
Aryama rules the ancestral planet, Pete. Yama, the god of death is the most prominent of all who is called upon to punish evildoers. We can see that much in life is governed by punishment, or the fear of punishment, this principle extends to the entire universe.
HIGH GOD PERUN
More than 40,000 thousand years ago, God Perun visited Midgard-Earth for the third time from Urai-Earth in the Hall of the Eagle on the Svarozh Circle. Patron God of all wars and many Clans of the Great Race. God the Thunderer, ruler of Lightning, son of God Svarog and Lada the Mother of God.
After the first three Heavenly Battles between Light and Darkness, when they won Light Forces, God Perun descended to Midgard-Earth to tell people about the events that had taken place and what awaited the Earth in the future, about the onset of the Dark Ones...
The entire scientific, entire cultural world believes that Ra is the name of the God of the ancient Egyptians, who materialized in the form of the Sun. Ra - Sun God of the ancient Egyptians. And the fact that Ra is the God of the Sun of the ancient Aryans-Proto-Slavs, somehow they passed by this.
Let's try to restore the truth, albeit with a primitive, but irrefutable method. Let's try to figure it out by putting together puzzles of different worldviews and ideologies.
1. It's time. We say: “Rise according to Ra!”, that is, “Rise according to the Sun!”
2. Early. They wake us up, and we...
To a certain degree of deepening into oneself, a person recognizes something superhuman in himself.
God already exists because we exist. Call it God or whatever you want, but it is indisputable that there is life in us, not created by us, but given to us, and call its source God or whatever you want.
Imagination creates Ghosts and is afraid of them - this is excusable for it because it is imagination. But for the mind to submit and fear the reasoning that it generates is unforgivable for it...
Maharaj: Where did you come from? What are you looking for?
Question: I come from America, and my friend comes from Ireland. I arrived about six months ago and have been traveling from ashram to ashram. My friend came alone.
M: What did you see?
Q: I have been to Sri Ramanasramam and also to Rishikesh. May I know your opinion about Sri Ramana Maharshi?
M: We are both in the same ancient state. But what do you know about the Maharshi? You consider yourself a name and a body, and therefore you perceive only names and bodies.
Q: If you met...
Beliefs of pre-Christian Europe. Martyanov Andrey
What do we know about the gods of the ancient Gauls?
In his Notes on the Gallic War, Julius Caesar reports that everything the Gauls are "extremely pious" and offer human sacrifices to their gods : they think that the immortal gods can be appeased only by sacrificing human life as well human life, and “ransom” themselves from the gods in case of danger, illness or war. " Some tribes use huge stuffed animals made from twigs, whose members they fill with living people; they set them on fire from below, andpeople burn in flames» . These horrors have not been confirmed by archaeological finds.
Gauls - tribes of the Celtic group who lived in the territory of Gaul (present-day France, Belgium, parts of Switzerland, Germany and Northern Italy) from the beginning of the 5th century BC. e. before the Roman period. They spoke one of the continental Celtic languages - Gaulish
Caesar talks in some detail about the “Gallic pantheon”: “Of the gods they (the Gauls) worship most Mercury. He has more images than all other gods: he is considered the inventor of all arts, and he is recognizedan indicator of roads and travel guides...Following him they honor Apollo, Mars, Jupiter and Minerva… Apollo drives away diseases Minerva teaches the rudiments of crafts and arts, Jupiter teaches has supreme power over the celestials, leads the war...
The Gauls all consider themselves descendants of their father Dita (Dit - Hades, Pluto, the deity of the underworld among the Romans) and they say that This is the teaching of the Druids. For this reason, they calculate and determine time not by days, but by nights». .
One of the most ancient definitions names Druids based on etymology, given by Pliny:
“We must not forget in the midst of all this that the Gauls are deeply revered. U Druids, for that is what their magicians are called, there is nothing more sacred than mistletoe and tree, on which it grows, and it is believed that it is always grows on oak. For this reason alone they choose oak forests and do not perform any ritual without the foliage of this tree, so it is quite possible that the Druids themselves took their name from its Greek name δρυς - « drus" They really believe that everything that grows on an oak tree is sent from heaven, and means that this tree was chosen by God himself ... "
Interesting to note Celtic trace in French : Even in the twentieth century, there were areas where people used the expression to denote the current day “annuit”, “anneue” - “tonight”, and not “today”, i.e. "today."
If name of the Druids came from and maybe explained only from Celtic languages, then its constituent elements are of Indo-European origin: Gallic form « druides" (V singular « druis"), which Caesar uses throughout the text "Gallic Wars" as well as Irish "drui" go back to a single prototype "dru-vides" -« dru-wid-es", "very learned", containing the same root as in Sanskrit: View, vidati - vid – vidati - know, understand; Latin verb "videre", "see"; Gothic "witan"", Germanic "wissen", Gallic "vidu-" - "to know".
Naturally, from the description "Notes on the Gallic War" it is impossible to understand which specific Gallic deities are meant by the Roman names. The author gives only the most general idea about them. Who is, for example, this “Mercury”? In Roman mythology, he is by no means the supreme deity...
The Roman poet Lucan names names in his poem “Pharsalia” three gods revered in Gaul: Esuse, Taranis and Teutate.
Attempts to comprehend these gods in such a way that they become “understandable” to a person brought up within the framework of Greco-Roman culture look like a complete failure.
Yesus - God is “wrathful,” as Lucan writes, and he demands human sacrifices hanged on a tree. Meanwhile, his name is supposed to mean " good god", "god-lord". At the same time, as some researchers believe, Esus is the deity common to all Gauls. And it is possible that god of war.
In part, a Roman is able to comprehend this conglomeration of meanings: after all, the main patron of Rome, warlike), on the one hand, he favors the City, and on the other hand, he is precisely the god of war, bloody carnage, intoxicating massacre, in contrast to -patroness of reasonable, fair, reasonable war.
Among the Gals, Esus is still associated with trees . “Oak” - in Gallic - Dervo - “dervo”; Irish "daur", "dar"; Welsh - "derw"; Breton - "derv". Not only are sacrifices to this god hanged from a tree; he usually depicted as a bearded man standing near a tree with an ax in his hand. Perhaps the gesture of a hand raising an ax reproduces the moment druidic ritual. On the altar of Esus one can also see an image of a bull with three cranes standing on its head and back.
Taranis is the thunder god, god of heavenly fire.
Accordingly, his victims were burned. Gallic monuments represent Taranis as a bearded giant with a wheel and a bunch of arrows similar to a vajra
in hand. AND wheel and fiery arrows (vajra) - a symbol of fire, sun, flame
. In other images Taranis tramples a giant with snakes for legs.
Mentioned god Teutat, as if connected with cult of water. According to Lucan, the victims god Teutat drowned in water. Oddly enough, it was Teutates that the Romans tried to associate with Mars; in other cases, the same god was compared with Jupiter, but even such an attempt seems extremely controversial.
Name "Teutat" according to modern researchers, it comes from Gallic "teuto" - "tribe" . Thus, the god Teutates, the patron of fire, can be correlated with the god of war Mars, in his most ancient form as the patron of fertility.
However, with all this, no one is able to reliably determine whether Teutates was the patron saint of only one particular tribe or whether he was a common deity for all the Gauls.
Even if Teutates personified, as it were, universal divine help for the entire tribe, each individual Gallic tribe had its own personal patron. And a great many names of these patron gods of the Gallic tribes have come down to us: Allobrox - the god of the Allobroges tribe, Vokontia - the goddess of the Vokontii tribe - and so on. Scientists have discovered about forty names of local deities in Britain - and nothing is known about them except their names.
Of the Gallic gods we can name Epona, Cernunnos (Cernunnos), Sucellus, Nantosvelta, Rosmerta - and a few more.
Name "Epona"(Celtic Epona, from the Gaulish word *epos "horse") , goddess Epona
- patroness of horses, mules, donkeys, drivers and carters, she was depicted sitting astride a horse. 
If we know some gods by name, then others are only an image, their names have not been established. For example, there was image of a three-headed deity, a deity with a snake, a group of three mother goddesses. What did the Gauls call them, what was their cult, in what situations were they addressed, were they purely local or common to all of Gaul? Alas, the stones are silent on this subject, and there is not a word in the literature.
Names of Celtic gods and goddesses in total there are over three hundred and seventy - this is how many of them were revered in the lands where the Celts ever lived. About three hundred names of the Celtic gods are mentioned only once, and they belong to local deities, patrons of certain tribes or clans, from which one can cautiously conclude that these gods represented certain deified ancestors.
A square stone pillar was found in France, decorated with bas-reliefs depicting Celtic, Roman and Gaelic deities of the first quarter 1st century AD
This square stone pillar with bas-reliefs of the gods originally stood in the Gallo-Roman temple of the city of Lutetia . The stone pillar was created with public donations (publice posierunt) from the sailors' guild of Lutetia, (nautae Parisiaci), near modern Paris. These sailors would have been traders who traveled along the Seine.
A square stone pillar with bas-reliefs of the gods is one of the earliest works of fine Gallic art, on which there are inscriptions of the names of all the gods depicted. (Hatt 1952; Thermes de Cluny)
The inscriptions on the stone pillar are made in Latin letters, with some signs of the Gaulish language , the inscriptions successfully conflate and confuse Roman gods with distinctly Gaulish gods.
The stone pillar dates from an inscription dedicated to Tiberius Caesar Augustus, that is, Tiberius, who became emperor in 14 AD.
Basic dedication on a stone pillar facing to Jupiter , in the shape of Iovis Optimus Maximus (“Jove Best and Greatest”).
The names of the Roman emperor Tiberius and the supreme deity Jupiter are written in the dative case, that is, they are indicated as recipients of the dedication.
The remaining inscriptions and terms are written in the nominative case, and actually name the names of the gods depicted: Jupiter, Tarvos Trigaranos — Bull with three horns (from the words of Vedic Sanskrit: ; ; garanos - horn ), Vulcanus (Vulcan), Ekus - “first” (from Sanskrit), Chernunnos (from black-), Castor, Smert-rios (from the Slavic word: death) and Fortuna.
The Mayan gods played a vital role in Everyday life Native Americans. The Mayans were a deeply spiritual people, like all other peoples of the Mesoamerican continent. The pantheon of Mayan gods was based on the knowledge acquired during the long existence of this ancient civilization. The thoughts of the Mayan people and their actions for many millennia were determined by ideas and concepts about space and time, the creation of man, and belief in the high religious significance of agricultural cycles. The gods of the Mayan tribe, their religion and worldview as a whole represented a complex religious and political system. The Mayan civilization, the gods - it was all interconnected. The Mayan Empire lasted long enough for the religion of the ancient Mayans to absorb the foundations of knowledge accumulated by neighboring peoples, which represent a variety of traditions that are similar at first glance, but unique in practice.
Mayan Gods: A Fundamental Aspect of Mesoamerican Life.
Religious structures dominate among the ruins of what were once cities of the Mayan Empire. And no wonder, because Mayan gods together with the temple servants, they played a key role in the life of the Mayans. In addition, in the period from 300 to 900 AD, all the major city-states of Central and South America were headed by rulers who were representatives of the Mayan gods on Earth and performed a significant religious function. The nobility took direct part in all major religious rites and ceremonies, at least this is evidenced by modern archaeological excavations. Engravings telling what the gods of the Mayan civilization were like, photographs taken today clearly show and represent the ancients beyond people.
"Olympus" of the Indians was inhabited by an incredible number of deities. General overview The number of Mayan gods was obtained from the Rituals of the Bakabs, an 18th century manuscript that mentions at least 166 entities of a divine nature. Also a detailed source of information that presents the Mayan civilization, gods and customs are numerous codices dating back to the period of the Spanish conquest of America. The texts of these codices contain various names of Mayan gods and their variations. Unfortunately, most of these works, codes, have not survived to this day, or have survived, but the Mayan gods have undergone serious adjustments in accordance with the ideas of the Catholic Church.
The Mayan gods, like people, were mortals. This hypothesis is supported by the discovered artifacts of the Mayan culture, on which the same thing is found image of Mayan gods in the form of elders and vice versa infants. In this regard, the ritual of sacrifice, which became widespread in pre-Columbian America, was perceived as a process of nourishment, rejuvenation, of the inhabitants of the local Olympus. The peasant, the ordinary citizen of the Mesoamerican empire, believed in numerous idols for worship, personifying the main aspects of the reality around him. The deification of the forces of nature is perhaps the main feature of the religion of ancient peoples, including the Mayans. Mayan legends about the gods say that mountains and hills were the habitat of the lords of the elements of rain, wind, rivers, etc. Mesoamericans believed that the higher a hill or mountain, the closer it is to the sky.
The Mayan gods demanded the construction of temples reaching to the heavens. The earth, in turn, was an aspect of the deity associated with death. Mayan images of gods were often based on the powers inherent in these creatures. So the idol of death and earth took on a terrifying appearance in most illustrations, due to the presence of the underworld in its belly. The cult of Itzamna played an important role in everyday life. According to some sources, the Mayan gods, like the universe itself, were created by Itzamna. Itzman is mentioned in most works as a sky deity. He was the personification of heaven, day and infinity. Mayan gods, life, sky, solar and Moonlight, rain, wind, water - all this depended on Itzamna. An equally important place among the Mayan gods was occupied by the patron of corn, Yum Kaash. Maize was deified by the ancient Americans, and not only by the Mayans. According to the ancient scripture, “Popol Vuh”, it was from this cereal crop that man was created. In the codex describing the Mayan gods, Yum Kaash is represented as a young man surrounded by corn leaves and with a cob-shaped head. A special form of sacrifice, with beheading, is associated specifically with the cult of maize. In most cases, such rituals were aimed at calming Yum Kaash. Other Mayan gods preferred other methods of sacrifice. Another deified culture in the civilization of the Mayan people was cocoa. Ek Chuah, the god of cocoa, like other Mayan gods, found in isolated images, was represented as an inhabitant of Central America, as a man with a red mouth and a long nose, with a large bag on his back, and a staff in his hand. Ek Chuah, the embodiment of cocoa, was also the god of merchants, trade, travel and travelers. Unlike the larger mass of Mayan gods, Ek Chuah was worshiped only by a highly specialized group of people, consisting of traders, travelers and plantation workers.
Gods of the Mayan tribe: aspects of the surrounding reality.
As in any religion, in the beliefs of future Mexicans, a special place was given to life and death, and, accordingly, to the gods of the Mayan tribe, personifying these aspects of existence. Engravings, ancient texts telling what they were like Mayan gods, photo, those made today clearly show what this ancient superman was like. Ah Pooch, the embodiment of death, was depicted as a skeleton or a man with a skull instead of a head. His skin was covered with cadaverous spots, and on his skull he could see a headdress in the shape of a caiman's or an owl's head. Native Americans believed that the owl was a harbinger of death, predicting imminent death.
There were also more complex Mayan gods, such as Kukulkan, one of the main deities of the Mayan Olympus. According to some sources, he was a creature of four elements - fire, air, water and earth; according to other sources, Kukulkan is the essence of the sun, the universe itself. The gods of the Mayan tribe are unique, however, several animals corresponded to the image of Kukulkan, from a lizard and an eagle, personifying fire and air, respectively, to a fish and turtle, symbols of water and earth. The Mayan people, the ancient Mayan gods, drawings depicting these supermen, represented Kukulkan mainly in the form of the Serpent. This deity belonged to one of the great pyramids of ancient America, the Pyramid of Kukulkan, which speaks of his significance in the life and religion of Mesoamerican civilizations.
What other aspects did the Mayans worship, who did the Mayans worship and why? It is known that the Indians of America were outstanding astronomers, so it is no wonder that a deity associated with the night sky and the moon occupied a significant place on their Olympus. The goddess Ish-Chel, the Great Moon, the light of the night and the rainbow, was the patroness of weaving, childbirth and medical knowledge. Mayan gods often associated with specific industries or areas of everyday life, so Ish-Chel was predominantly the goddess of the female half of the Indian population, the goddess of mothers.
There are also more amazing gods of the Mayan tribe, such as the goddess of suicide, Ish-Tab. Unlike Christianity, in the Mayan religion, suicide was a noble way to leave this world. By laying hands on oneself, a person automatically ensured entry into the local version of heaven. The voluntary sacrifice of life for the glory of the gods of the Mayan tribe became so widespread precisely because of its specific, unique attitude towards suicide. Another significant goddess called Ish Chebel Yash, who is directly related to Ish Chel, was the goddess of yarn, embroidery and weaving. Like some other Mayan gods, Ish Chebel Yash was depicted in old age. Her image is that of an old woman with one tooth in her mouth.
Like Mayan gods, sun played an important role in the lives of the inhabitants of the American continent. Speaking about the Mayan faith, one cannot help but recall Kinich Ahau, the idol of the Sun, sunlight, warmth and life. The Mayan gods had unique symbolism; The symbol of Kinich Ahau is a four-leaf flower. The dominant deities of the Mayan people on Olympus had their own attributes, so Ah Kin, Kinich Ahau appeared in images as a man with unusually shaped eyes, square or oval, with only incisors in the mouth and tattoos in the shape of a spiral, the hieroglyph of the day, on the nose and in corners of the mouth.
Rare engravings depicting Mayan gods depicted Kanich Ahau as a young man in the prime of his life. Ah Kin is that rare case when the Mayan gods did not correspond to their positive images. It would seem that the incarnation of the Sun is a good deity, putting his efforts into the crops being grown. But no, according to the Indian inhabitants, the drought was the embodiment of the wrath of the elemental incarnation of the Sun. The Mayans and their gods had a special relationship, and in order to pacify the raging inhabitant of heaven, celebrations were held in his honor, an integral part of which were sacrifices.
Mayan pantheon of gods: cult of the elements.
For the average farmer working in the fields, rain played a vital role, especially in areas where drought, famine and crop destruction were common. That is why the pantheon of Mayan gods was filled with creatures who were the personification of the water element. One of the main ones was Chaak, the embodiment of rain, showers and thunderstorms. Legends about the Mayan gods say that Chaac was the lord of the sixth heaven, the sixth component of the world, which indicates his special role in the life of the ancient Mayans. In total there were 13 Mayan worlds, 13 gods who led them. A characteristic feature of the rain idol, distinguishing it from other higher beings, was the sign of an ax. In the engravings this superman was always depicted standing in water or in the rain. A frequent attribute of Chaak was a vat of water, which he held in his left hand.
The Mayan gods were associated with animals. Fauna associated with the water element included frogs and the rarer turtles (in some cases, the turtle was a symbol of the earth and this aspect of nature). The Mayans believed that the frog could cause rain with its croaking. Residents of Yucatan also believed that Chaac lived at the bottom of a cenote, a special well that was the main source of water in cities, so all kinds of offerings, including in the form of human lives, were regularly dumped at the bottom of the cenote.
Pantheon of Mayan Gods was inhabited by fastidious inhabitants. The Indians regularly had to resort to extraordinary ways and means in order to receive the blessings of higher beings. So, for example, to call for rain, to receive leniency from Chaak, people lit fires using rubber, the smoke of which looked like rain clouds. As for the more formidable elemental representatives of the Mayan pantheon of gods, it seems that the Yucatans did not have any special idols representing lightning or thunderstorms. Responsibility for these aspects of the elements was part of the functions of the deities considered the patrons of water. At least this is evidenced by the records of the Spaniards, who were the first to arrive on the shores of America, and images, combined with descriptions, of the lords of the water element. In the Mayan pantheon of gods, deities such as Chaac were often depicted with drums or axes in their hands, with which they caused thunder, lightning and related phenomena.
The Mayan calendars, as well as each day of the calendar system, had their own patrons, deities. The Mayan calendar and the gods that symbolize it are a global topic that requires separate discussion. The Mayan gods and predictions based on the mythology of the ancient inhabitants of America also deserve a separate discussion. The theme of 2012 and the prophecies associated with it are very, very global. In fact, the Mayan gods, December 2012 and ancient predictions have a lot in common, but this is not discussed now and not here. The hieroglyphs used in writing also had their patrons, as did the numbers used by the Indians in mathematics. Even the number Zero had its own idol, which, by the way, was first introduced into mathematical science by the Mayan civilization. The scriptures telling what the Mayan gods were like, the image, engraving or fresco that clothed them, none of this has been discovered yet.
The information we know about the inhabitants of Olympus of the Indians of Yucatan is obtained from the richest iconographic and epigraphic sources, which are steles, frescoes, engravings, altars and other artifacts left by the Mayan civilization. cannot be counted, there were many of them, including more ancient ones that belonged to the ancestors of the classical Mayans and new ones that appeared at the end of the empire and even those that belonged to individual tribes and local groups. There is practically no hope that one day science will be able to shed true light on the nature of the relationship between the ancient inhabitants of America and their idols. Most likely, the pantheon of Mayan gods will forever remain something mysterious. However, research aimed at obtaining an answer to the question: “Mayan gods, how many are there?” does not stop today. Who knows, perhaps in the near future a miracle will happen and the rich cultural heritage of the peoples of Yucatan, destroyed by the Spaniards, will be restored at least partially. This means the Mayans, their gods, will appear in their true light.
Egyptian civilization had already existed for more than two thousand years, during which a certain system of dogmas was formed. In the end, people believed so strongly in the inviolability of these dogmas that even small changes were perceived almost as a revolution. Only an outstanding person, endowed with iron will and determination, could take the helm of reforms. In those times about which we are writing, such a person was not found, and the old gods of Egypt enjoyed undivided authority.
The most powerful of all gods was Amon, main god Thebes He was originally the local deity of this city, but when 
Thebes became the capital of Egypt, it gained status state god. In an earlier period, the main god was considered the solar god Ra or Ra-Horakhti - the local deity of Heliopolis, a city located near modern Cairo. The priests of Amun united the two deities under common name"Amon-Ra, King of the Gods."
Amon can appear in different forms. He is usually represented as a man with a shining face, wearing a golden headdress with two feathers. Sometimes, however, he takes the form of a ram with heavy horns. In addition, he can appear in the form of his brother, a goat-footed god named Min, who later became identified with the Greek Pan. In this regard, it should be mentioned that greek god, may have borrowed his goat form from Mina-Amun of Thebes.
In some cases, Amon could take on the guise of the ruling pharaoh, choosing a time when the monarch himself was absent or asleep. In this form, he gained access to the queen's bedroom. It is believed that Amenhotep III was born as a result of a similar union, although the pharaoh himself did not deny that his earthly father was Thutmose IV.
Amon enjoyed fighting and willingly helped the pharaohs when they smashed the heads of their enemies or cut their throats. Probably, like other Egyptian gods, he was a deified tribal leader whose descendants perpetuated his love of battle.
Goddess Mut, "Mother", the divine wife of Amun, sometimes descended to earth to nurse the son of the pharaoh. She had her own son from Amon, Khonsou, who became the third member of the Theban triad. He was considered the god of the moon and was distinguished by divine beauty.
These were the main Theban deities who patronized the royal court. The cult of the sun, inherited from the inhabitants of Heliopolis, also played an important role. It was believed that the god Ra himself was once a king on earth, and the current pharaohs are his direct descendants; however, these beliefs arose no earlier than during the Fifth Dynasty.
It was during this period that the pharaoh began to be called a majestic title Son of the Sun. Once, when Ra was still ruling on earth, he was bitten by a snake; The goddess Isis healed the god-king, but as payment she demanded that he tell her his true name.
Ra had to fulfill his promise, but out of fear that the secret would be revealed to his subjects, he decided to exterminate all of humanity. He entrusted this deed to the goddess, who took the form Sekhmet, a lion-headed woman who enjoyed bathing in streams of blood. But when half of humanity died, Ra repented and stopped the murder, making the goddess drunk with a mixture of blood and wine.
However, Ra, tired of state concerns, decided to retire to heaven, where, in the form of the sun, he sails daily in his boat from east to west. At dawn he is called , and he exists in the guise of a scarab beetle, at noon he becomes Ra, and at sunset he takes the name "Atum"; this word is probably related to the Syriac "adon", "lord", better known to us in the Greek spelling "Adonis". In his incarnations of the rising and setting sun, he bore the name Ra - Khorakhti, and the reader will encounter this name in the future.
Osiris, Isis and Horus formed a triad; the center of their worship was Abydos, the city of Upper Egypt, where Osiris was believed to be buried. Having ceased his earthly existence, Osiris became the great ruler of the underworld, and everyone began to pray to him to find well-being after death.
Note that the hawk-Horus was the tribal god of several cities at once. In Edfu he was worshiped as the conqueror of Set; in this incarnation he was the husband of Hathor, the patroness of Dendera, a city located quite far from Edfu. At the same time, the goddess Hathor became the patroness of the Western Mountains and, in one of her earthly guises, in the form of a cow, emerged from a cave in the rocks.
In Memphis, the dwarf was considered the tribal god Ptah, blacksmith and potter of the gods. In this city, as well as in many other regions of Egypt, there lived a sacred bull, which was called Apis; people gave him divine honors and considered him the earthly incarnation of Ptah.
At Elephantine, a ram-headed god called , was worshiped, and there was also a sacred animal, the ram, which was kept in the temple of Khnum for ritual purposes. Since Khnum was also the deity of the first cataract of the Nile, located near Elephantine, he was considered an important figure throughout Egypt. In addition, many believed that it was he who molded the first man from the mud extracted from the bottom of the Nile, which is why we find him in the mythology of many different areas.
Kite - was the tribal goddess of the trading city of Nekhen; the fierce crocodile Sebek was considered the god of the city of Ombos; the ibis, Thoth, was revered in Hermopolis; cat - Bast was the deity of Bubast and so on. Consequently, each city had its own god.
In addition to these gods, there were other, more abstract deities: Nut, who personified the heavens, Seb - the earth, Shu - the cosmos... In a word, a pantheon Egyptian gods was very heterogeneous. It included the deities of the conquering tribes, ancient heroes and leaders, subsequently deified or identified with the god whom their tribe revered, gods personifying natural phenomena, as well as deified heavenly bodies.
DEMIGODS AND SPIRITS – CULT MINISTERS
Sacred bulls and rams were relics ancient cult, associated with animal worship, the origin of which is completely unclear. The Egyptians revered a wide variety of animals and birds; Almost every city or region considered its own species of animal sacred. In Hermopolis and other parts of Egypt, the baboon and ibis became objects of worship, as incarnations of the god Thoth. In many places, especially in Bubasta, where the cat goddess was especially revered, the cat was worshiped.
The crocodile and some species of fish were considered sacred animals. The Egyptians feared and revered the snake; As an example, we can recall that Amenhotep III, the father of Akhenaten, placed an agate image of a snake in the temple at Benha. The cobra was considered the symbol of Wadget, the goddess of the Nile Delta. The kings of this region in ancient times used the image of a cobra as their symbol, and over time, the earth - uraeus became a sign of the supreme power of the pharaoh.
Without going into further detail of the Egyptian religious system, it should still be mentioned about the thousands of demons and spirits who, along with the gods, inhabited invisible world. Some of them could be called by sorcerers if necessary, and many people met after death. Four spirits served Osiris, great god of the dead, he was also subordinate to forty-two terrible demons, whose duties included judging the souls of the dead.
The many doors of the underworld were guarded by monsters whose names inspired terror, and unfortunate souls had to repeat countless and incredibly long spells before they were allowed to enter.
To appease all these otherworldly inhabitants, it was necessary great amount priests. The college of priests of Amun in Thebes had such power and wealth that in many cases they could dictate their will to the pharaoh.
The High Priest Amun-Ra was one of the most important persons in the state; the second, third and fourth priests (as they were called) directly subordinate to him belonged to the highest nobility.
The High Priest of Amun was often also the Grand Vizier, that is, he held simultaneously the highest secular and spiritual positions.
Although the priests of the god Ra who worshiped in Heliopolis had much less power than the servants of Amun, they also had big influence. Their high priest was called the "Great Seer" and was more of a cult minister than a political figure (unlike his Theban counterpart).
The High Priest Ptah in Memphis was called the “Great Master of the Craft”, since Ptah was a double of the Greek Hephaestus. However, neither he nor the priests of other gods could compete in power with the high priests of Amun and Ra.
Gods of the ancient Slavs
Our distant ancestors had 28 main gods: Sva, Svarog, Dazhdbog, Dennitsa, Diva, Perun, Simargl and others. The most important goddess is the three-faced Great Goddess of life - Sva (sometimes called Danu), Mother of Time and Eternity, Space and Order, Daughter of Chaos (Mother of Darkness). She is eternal and endless, born and dying, she is unchanging and changing (trace her similarities with the Irish goddess Danu and the Indian goddesses Aditi, Diti and Danu). Her son, the eldest and main god of the sky - Svarog (Svetoit, Svyatovit, Svarozhich, Rodovit) was considered the ancestor or father of all other heavenly gods (Svarozhich), the supreme ruler of the stars, all-seeing eye world()
Old Norse and Germanic gods
In Scandinavia and Germany, there is a large group of gods - the Aesir (Old Scand. Aesir), led by Odin (considered their father) - the son of the giant Bor and Bestla, the daughter of the giant Belthorn. The Aesir lived in the heavenly city of Asgard. The "Younger Edda" lists 12 aces - Odin (German Wodan or Wotan), Thor (German Donar), Tyr (German Tiu), Bragi and others, and 14 asin goddesses - Frigg, Saga, Air, Gevion and other. The Aesir are opposed to the Vanir (Old Scand. Vanir). They belong to a very ancient - usually more ancient than the Aesir - race of light solar deities and are considered as gods and goddesses of fertility, love, wealth, moisture and navigation. They are attributed to incestuous marriages between brothers and sisters, witchcraft (seidr) and the gift of prophecy. The main representatives of the Vanir are Njord and his children Frey and Freya. Vanaheim or Alfheim was considered the home of the Vanir ()
Gods of ancient Greece
IN Ancient Greece two groups of gods also stand out: the titans - gods of the second generation and olympian gods, or Olympians - gods of the third generation. The Titans were born from the earth Gaia and the sky Uranus. There were six brothers - Oceanus, Kay, Crius, Hipperion, Iapetus, Kronos and six sisters - Thetis, Phoebe, Mnemosyne, Theia, Themis, Rhea, who married each other and gave birth to a new generation of gods - Prometheus, Helios, Selene, Eos (Aurora) and others. The youngest of the Titans, Kronos, on the advice of his mother Gaia, castrated Uranus with a sickle to stop his endless fertility, and took his place supreme god titans. The Olympians included the children of Kronos and Rhea - Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades (Hades), Poseidon and Zeus, as well as their descendants - Hephaestus, Hermes, Persephone, Aphrodite, Dionysus, Athena, Apollo and Artemis. Their leader was Zeus, who deprived his father of power (
The heavenly host and the fallen angels of the books of Genesis, Enoch and Zohar - space aliens of Aditya, Daitya and Danava
Legends about battles between gods or gods and demons, in which the descendants of Adityas, Daityas and Danavas are guessed, are also common among many other peoples. They are found almost everywhere - from the west coast of America to the east coast of Asia, from the European and American north to Tierra del Fuego and Australia. Despite the obvious differences between these legends, they share common features, such as the confrontation between two groups of gods or gods and demons and the destruction of the old world, which many legends and myths associate with the “golden age” (
Were the Tribe of the goddess Danu "fallen angels"? About the emergence of elven civilization and life " fallen angels" on the ground
I have touched on this more than once in my works...
The tribe of the goddess Danu (Tuatha de Danann) and noted that this similar to people, but more beautiful people, who had much in common with the Tuatha de Anu, Gandharvas, Apsaras, Valkyries and elves, were strikingly different from people in their magical and other superhuman abilities...
I also reported that in ancient times the Gandharvas displeased the “gods” (or “demigods -
Lucifer is the bearer of Light, Love and Justice. Who were the Fallen Angels (Comparison of Lucifer with Thoth)
Comparison of Lucifer with Thoth: Analysis of the Functions Performed ancient egyptian god Thoth, his comparison with other gods and Lucifer showed that Lucifer is the bearer of Light, Love and Justice. 1. Functions performed by Thoth (Hermes). The gods are the equivalents of Thoth. The role and functions of Lucifer. 2. Comparison of Lucifer with Christ, Mithras and Matreya. Mithraism and Christianity. Origin and functions of Lucifer. Lucifer is the bearer of Light, Love and Justice. Why did the Medieval Church call Lucifer a fallen angel and a devil? 3. How did the image of Lucifer the devil arise? Attitude to Lucifer by E. Blavatsky and E. Roerich. Who were the fallen angels? Three groups of fallen angels and their role in transmitting knowledge to people and corrupting people. Punishment of angels and people ()
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