Abstractlesson
Sketching the temple, combining it with the landscapeLesson Objectives
educational :
learn to depict:
A Look at the Form
The perception of geometric bodies, which form the basis of all the variety of figures,
Fulfill the established goal with graphite and paints
developing :
develop:
Sense of beauty
Memory and Imagination
raising :
bring up:
Interest in fine arts, understanding of architecture
Attention to painting, spirituality.
Equipment
paper, pencils, eraser, paints, interactive whiteboard, computer and drawings.
Progress of the lesson and consolidation of material
Forever my great-grandfathers And grandfathers
Carpenters were on Rus' .
Not neither them whether With early childhood looking ,
IN hands took sons axe .
Because And masters uncles
appear V district before these since then .
How many hewn father my logs !
Here They get up in front me :
Friend behind friend put their flush –
Was would belted ball terrestrial .
Forever my great-grandfathers And grandfathers
Carpenters were on Rus' .
Not neither them whether With early childhood looking ,
IN hands took sons axe .
Because And masters uncles
appear V district before these since then .
How many hewn father my logs !
Here They get up in front me :
Friend behind friend put their flush –
Was would belted ball terrestrial .
LowerOnega ( villageVoemozero)
Now no one can give a definite explanation of where architecture took root: tent churches, similar to space rockets; huts and courtyards the size of half a five-story building; silvery aspen “scales” - ploughshares on roofs and domes. Something, of course, developed the strict northern climate - at least the same courtyard houses, where everything, from housing to stables, was built under one roof for protection from snow and frost. Something, most likely, was learned in ancient times from neighbors: Celtic temples from afar resemble Varangian tents, and the eastern peoples try to challenge the fantasy of the tent. No matter what thoughts we express, all these types of buildings are at least a thousand years old, and for example, the main Sophia of Novgorod, built in the same year when the main event in Christianity took place - the Baptism of Rus', was a tented sanctuary. Raised by the light of natural history, these structures are as natural as the surrounding hills, groves and rivers.
Seven colorful samples:
- The Kizhi churchyard and museum in Karelia are the most impeccable (Preobrazhenskaya) and most surviving (Resurrection of Lazarus) wooden churches in Russia.
- Malye Karely near Arkhangelsk is the most significant Russian museum of wooden architecture.
- The chapels of the Kenozersky National Park are the most favorable reserve of wooden antiquities for recreation and excursions.
- Varzuga and other villages of the Tersky Coast in the Murmansk region are the northernmost ancient Russian villages.
- Kimzha and other villages near the Mezen River are the most indivisible and true wooden Rus'.
- Sretensko-Mikhailovskaya Church on the site of the disappeared village of Krasnaya Lyaga is the most enchanted place.
Nevsky Forest Park near St. Petersburg - the restored temple of the Vytegorsky churchyard, the largest and most complex of those that survived to XX century, but burned down in the 1960s
(study by Tatyana Leshchenko)
Kenozero, Vershinino village, St. Nicholas Chapel, the exact age is not available in the sources, but it is no secret that it was there long before 1846. Back at the very beginningXXThe bell tower was missing and was added later, completing the entire image. In the 80sXXcentury, the chapel fell into disrepair. After the creation of the Kenozersky National Park in 1991, the chapel was restored by Russian and Norwegian restorers. It took two years to restore.
The chapel stands on the crown of a hill, which is where the name of the village comes from.
(study by Tatyana Leshchenko)
Pochozero temple ensembleXVIII- XIX, Filippovskaya village, Plesetsk district, Arkhangelsk region. Unique temple complex, consisting of two churches, the Finding of the Head of John the Baptist of the Origin of the Honorable Virgins of Christ, and a bell tower. In 2001, the temple complex began to be restored. The sketch of the restoration project was developed by the architect L. Tkachenko. The work was carried out over eight years.
(study by Tatyana Leshchenko)
KargopolskyR- He, villageRedLyaga. The mostantiquechurchKargopolskydistrict – Sretensko- Mikhailovskaya (1665) It hasformtent. IN 1894-1895 yychurchwascoveredexternalsheathingWitheclecticdecorVologdamasters. ChurchlocatedVdeplorableconditionontoday'sday, internaldecorationalmostNotpreserved.
“As measure and beauty say,” which acts as the genetic code of Northern Russian culture.
Thismetaphorberetits origins in the construction terminology of Russian wooden architecture. In the North, in many cases, churches were built on the initiative of peasants; they were often not only religious, but also community centers. The peasant volost world invited professional craftsmen - carpenters - to build churches. Temples were built from wood, and “woodworking” was “a custom” among the northerners. In decent - peculiar written assignments– construction contracts, which act as a legal document, stipulated in detail what the church should be like.
These were a kind of verbal drawings, where similar buildings and forms were given as samples.Having receivedideas about the future structure, the craftsmen had to rely on their experience, instinct and taste. It is not for nothing that in the ancient contracts that were concluded between the master of the carpenter’s artel and the “world” (peasant customers), the following expressions are usually found: “to do to please”
“cut down” as “beautiful”, “... and build in height, as measure and beauty say.”
At the same time, we must not forget that language is one of the most important codes of culture. Language is its original, ancient basis, which always stands behind any cultural sign, because everything expressed by cultural texts can be expressed by means of language.
Folk culture with its calendar, predictions, signs, signs creates its own version of metaphorical symbolism. Metaphor as a cultural code serves to identify heuristic scientific hypotheses, and in science, metaphor is a necessary means of scientific creativity. Almost every new scientific concept appears as a kind of metaphor, becoming an accurate concept only over time.
By forming a cultural space, a person realized his understanding of the laws of nature, his vision of the world through such phenomena as a temple and a home. In the cultural space of the Russian North, the high status of the peasant house and temple was formed.
“The image of the Universe is consciously embodied in the temple.” The temple, as the most generalized, semantically rich image of the universe, occupied central place in the sacred space of the northern peasant “world” We must not forget that for a person the living space he organizes is a kind of model of the surrounding world. Temples as symbols of the universe dominate this space, human housing forms the background, outbuildings- third.
Task: complete the image of a tent wooden temple
Lesson structure
Organizationalmoment (1-2 min.)
Setting goals and objectives for the lesson (2 min)
Explanation of the lesson of new material (15-25 min.)
Consolidating new material (10-15 min.)
Summing up the lesson (3-4 min.)
End (1 min.)
Lesson content
Hello! Please have a seat
Setting goals and lesson objectives
TodayWelet's startstudyRussianarchitecture, Aexactlywoodenarchitecture « RussianNorth», let's touch onSoortemplescitiesKursk.
Explanation new material
The concept of “Russian wooden architecture” as well as “culture of the Russian North”, concepts that have taken on the form of a unique formula. It evokes a number of stable associations - open spaces, deep rivers, forests, swamps, unique folk wooden architecture, reflecting methods of human adaptation to a harsh climate.
Methods and methodological techniques
Verbal: conversation;
Visual: reproductions;
Practical: demonstration of some techniques in painting and drawing of a thematic composition.
Equipmentclasses
Forteachers:
Forstudent:
Computer, books, reproductions, posters.
Album, pencils, paints, brushes, eraser, notebookForrecords, pen.
Schemeregistrationboards
Subjectlesson
Pedagogical drawing
Composition example
Subjectlesson
« Russianwoodenarchitecture»
Viewclasses
DrawingBymemory, Bysubmission
Typelesson
Combined
Goalslesson
Educational
Teach to form morality, aesthetics, think about beauty, about art, the concept of the role of fine art in the life of society. Learn to analyze a work of art from the point of view of constructing an image and observing the main laws in drawing and painting.
Developmental
Development of artistic and creative abilities of students, imaginative and associative thinking, visual-figurative memory, emotional and aesthetic perception of reality, and development of creative imagination.
Educating
Cultivate interest in fine arts, understanding of architecture, interest in painting, spirituality
The monastery has its own complicated story, it was erected by Prince Gleb Vasilkovich in memory of miraculous salvation in a storm. The raging waves tried to swallow the ships of the prince and his boyars, but at the last moment the rocky shore of the island appeared on the horizon. When the prince and his charges set foot on land, he was quite surprised that people were huddled on the tiny island. Here lived desert dwellers, hermit believers who dedicated their lives to preaching Christian faith. Building a monastery was an impossible task for them, and Prince Gleb Vasilkovich took upon himself the construction of the monastery.
The foundation of the wooden monastery dates back to 1260, the construction of the stone building - to 1481. This was the first stone building of the architects of the Russian North. Over the years of its existence, the cathedral suffered years of prosperity and oblivion. Its walls repeatedly suffered from fires, over the years Soviet power In its premises they tried to organize a colony for minors, they dismantled the walls into bricks and even tried to blow them up. Years later, the cathedral buildings were turned into a collection point for fresh fish, as fish was harvested from the lake on an industrial scale.
Today the Spaso-Kamenny Monastery is being revived and is functioning again. Most of the restoration is carried out by volunteers who are trying to achieve government support for their initiative. The Spaso-Kamenny Monastery is now in operation; not only believers, but also tourists who have taken a liking to the picturesque corner are beginning to come here.
Lesson – journey through the MCC
“Dignified culture of all peoples.”
Target: Repetition and generalization on a topic based on creative skills.
Generalization and systematization of students' knowledge.
Tasks:
Development of cognitive activity and creative abilities of students;
Forming an interest in knowledge and the ability to work with additional literature;
Formation of the elements of the most different cultures: culture of communication, speech, plastic arts, ethics, clothing, relationships;
Development of elements creative activity as qualities of thinking - intuition, spatial imagination, ingenuity;
Memory development;
To develop self-confidence in students through lessons.
Equipment: illustrations, application of TSO, excerpts from literature, musical works, presentation.
Teacher - The theme of our theatrical travel lesson is “Dignified culture of all peoples.” And today we will take you on a fascinating journey into the past.
SOUNDS: musical fragment "To Eliza"
Teacher- Teachers!
Everyone has them
And knowledge from generations
Passed on through generations.
And collecting knowledge bit by bit
We build, we write, we create!
It doesn't matter where we use them,
But what matters is how and why... we live!
(in the text, children take their places)
ARCHITECT-
Teachers of eras and generations
I, an architect, build temples and housing.
My creations all over the planet...
Leaning Tower of Pisa celebration.
And the wise sphinx, and the Church of St. Xenia.
I recreated thanks to the teachers.
MASTER-
I sing praise to those masters
Who put my mind into my hands.
I am a master! I can do everything, I can do everything.
Folk creations are my guarantee of this.
And the Zhostovo tray, and the Tula samovar,
Chinese porcelain, Russian matryoshka.
I have carried the culture of nations through the centuries
There's no greater praise I could say
Any folk master.
PAINTER-
I am a painter!
Praise be to the teachers!
Me and Rembrandt, and Picasso and Aivazovsky.
I will give you faith through the icon!
Creations of Rublev, Theophanes the Greek...
COMPOSER –
And I will make you cry and laugh,
Sad and happy
Grieve and be reborn.
I will touch your soul with a key, a string
Or maybe like Lel and a simple pipe.
I will sing the anthem to the teachers with my music
Who gave us knowledge.
Teacher -
We through our creativity
By work, play and KVN
We get to know the art and culture of all countries
And we call all this a lesson.
So together creatively, spiritually and culturally
We are growing as individuals!
The teacher and students are in front of you.
If you want to know more about us, see:
And you will see everything for yourself!
SOUNDS: harp - Boyan comes out, the Bell is projected, the epigraph.
BOYAN - Bells!
Your sonorous ringing -
The language of the earth
Who fed me.
Joy lives in you,
Ex's life...
Teacher - Bells...for many centuries they have accompanied the life of Christians with their ringing. They measured the course of the day, illuminating the time of work and rest, sleep and wakefulness. Since ancient times, bells in Rus' have invariably accompanied holidays and celebrations, informing people about important events, invited people to the assembly, showed the way to travelers lost in bad weather, and in tragic days for the Motherland they called for the defense of the Fatherland. The amazing history of bell music goes back to antiquity. But in Rus', bell ringing became a national art: it entered music, was reflected in literature, and in painting.
Teacher - Let's remember when bells appeared in Rus'? Can we imagine the history of our country without the ringing of bells? And who created them?
1 student - in 1530, Ivan Afanasyevich poured out a bell for Novgorod, its ringing was likened to a “terrible sounding trumpet.”
2nd – “This surpasses human strength! There is nothing like this rarity, great, amazing and unique in the world, there has never been and never will be!” This is what the historian from Byzantium Pavel Aleppo wrote about the Great Assumption Bell of the Kremlin. A giant weighing 800 pounds (128 tons) seemed like a miracle. The great bell work was carried out by the very young Alexander Grigoriev in 1655.
3rd – The largest bell not only in Russia, but in the whole world was cast in Moscow in 1773-1735. Ivan Motorin and his son Mikhail. Its weight is 200 tons.
4th-Ringing a bell was one of the favorite pastimes of the Russian people. There was a special charter for ringing, which indicated how to ring on weekdays and holidays. Greet with bell ringing the best people fatherland was considered the greatest honor.
5th - In Rus', bells were treated as living beings, they were given nicknames: Gabriel, Reut (howler). Wide, Swan, Bear - depending on the nature of their sound.
Teacher - The everyday ringing of bells contrasts sharply with the upbeat festive ringings. It is performed by 1 bell ringer. Let's listen.
Sounds: Everyday ringing of bells
Teacher - In the time of Peter! The Yegoryevsky ringing, characterized by its smooth and dimensional rhythm, became widespread. The powerful sounds of 3 large bells fill the space with harmony. The sound of small bells especially stands out against their background. Listen.
Sounds: Yegoryevsky ringing.”
Teacher - During fires, disasters or other incidents, one more sonorous bell was heard. This kind of ringing is called Alarm or Alarm. In ancient times, alarm bells were called “veche” bells because they were rung when people gathered at a meeting. Listen to this ringing.
Sounds: Alarm bell.
Teacher - At the end of the 19th century, musically gifted Rostov bell ringers created their own original ringing, in which the crayons behind the ringing bells convey a cheerful festive peal, and the middle ones open up creative space for new melodies. Let's listen to the holiday bells.
Sounds like holiday bells.
Teacher - And how the bells resonated in our Russian literature! Their ringing can be heard in it from ancient times right up to the present day. Let's remember some.
1st – They don’t sleep. They don’t remember, they don’t trade,
Over the black city, like a groan,
Stands, tormenting the dead night,
Solemn Easter bell.
2nd – 7 hills – like 7 bells!
There are bell towers on the seven bells.
All bills are forty forty.
Bell Semikholmie.
M. Tsvetaeva
3rd – Day of the Orthodox East,
Hallowed, hallowed great day,
Spread your gospel widely
And dress the whole of Russia with them!
F.I.Tyutchev
Teacher - Thank you. Bells often ring in Russian classical opera. Remember “Ivan Susanin” by M. Glinka, “Boris Godunov” by Mussorgsky.
Let's listen to excerpts from these operas:
SOUNDS:_________________________________
Teacher - The ability to feel and experience was attributed to the bells, and human speech was heard in their sounds.
Scientists have established quite real fact that microbes harmful to humans die in the waves of bell ringing.
Teacher - The Netherlands is considered the birthplace of bell ringing. The ringing of bells was very popular in England. There were societies of bell ringers at churches and cathedrals. Nowadays love for bells has not faded away. Nowadays they organize bell music festivals. Most often, such holidays are held in the ancient Russian cities of Rostov the Great and Suzdal, which are famous for their wonderful bells.
Boyan - Let, touching people's hearts,
The descendants will be called by the bell,
Becoming one with the choir of the liturgy
In the chest of the mourner weep!
To unity, friendship, goodness
Let him call people from now on,
And in the world he will fulfill it
What is it dedicated to?
SOUNDS:_________________________-bell ringing
Teacher - They say: an icon is a prayer in colors,
Temple - prayer in stone,
The bell is a prayer in sound.
Anyone who has not learned to pray has a way out. Stop for a minute and listen! The bell speaks to you...
Teacher - Now let's move on to the miracle of Russian architecture.
The Architect comes out
Architect – Most of the monuments of ancient Russian architecture. Those that have reached us are the churches. They are the ones who give us an idea of Russian medieval architecture.
Teacher - let's remember the first centuries of Russian architecture. List the most ancient buildings of Kyiv, Novgorod, Vladimir.
1st - (attaches a picture to the board) - on the occasion of the outstanding Victory, Prince Yaroslav ordered to lay a temple in honor of St. Sophia in Kyiv. The multi-domed structure became a real decoration of the cathedral. This cathedral played an important role in the life of medieval Kyiv - it stored state documents, had a library and a workshop for handwritten books.
2nd – In the middle of the 11th century. Yaroslav's son, Prince Vladimir, founded the temple in Novgorod and named it Sophia. Its enormous size was striking: a high domed space, many secret rooms.
3rd - on the territory of the ancient Yuryev Monastery at the beginning of the 12th century. The monumental St. George's Cathedral was built. This cathedral was the last monumental building in Novgorod.
4th - the last building of the 12th century, there was an outstanding monument - the Church of the Savior on Nereditsa. Its customer, Prince Yaroslav Vladimirovich, wanted to build a temple near his country residence. Despite the small size of the temple. It seems majestic and monumental. main feature saving on Nereditsa in its plasticity and roundness of forms.
5th – 3 km. from Bogolyubov, at the confluence of the Klyazma and Nerl rivers, a temple of unprecedented beauty was erected with the name of the Intercession. The Church of the Intercession on the Nerl delights with its extraordinary lightness. Almost weightless. In its white stone outfit, the temple is like a bride in a wedding dress.
Architect - the unique appearance of ancient Russian architecture was formed over the centuries. Byzantium was its ancestor, but having emerged from the bonds of apprenticeship, Russian architecture went its own original way.
Slide show
Teacher - who can tell me which architectural monuments of the 12th century have survived to this day?
1st – Golden Gate in Vladimir. They have survived to this day, albeit in a highly distorted form.
2nd - now the white stone miracle of the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl stands in the middle of a field on a low hill. At its foot is a small lake, the remnant of the Nerl River bed.
3rd – a cathedral has been preserved near Moscow in Dubrovitsy.
Teacher - they were amazing in beauty architectural ensembles Russian monasteries, usually built far from villages, in remote
Wooded places. And the life of monks is interesting. Let's take a look at the monastery.
SOUNDS: __________________ there is a coffee table, a candle, a book, a long sheet of paper, a monk is writing with a pen.
Teacher - In a narrow monastery cell,
In four blank walls
About the land about ancient Russian
The story was written down by a monk.
Monk - I wrote in winter and summer.
Illuminated by dim light,
I wrote year after year
About our great people.
Teacher - What does the word monk mean?
1st – translated from Greek, means “solitary”
Teacher - who will list the exploits of the monks?
2nd – Cave. Seclusion, pillarism, monks took vows of silence, foolishness. A holy fool was a person who pretended to be mad in order to endure the reproach and mockery of people. Even kings listened to their prophecies.
Teacher - Who could become a monk?
3rd – Any person who has reached the age of ten.
Teacher - what clothes did the novice wear when he was tonsured?
4th – The clothes were made of coarse black woolen fabric. Cassock - a long shirt reaching to the toes, a leather belt, boots and a hood - a low cap.
Teacher - what was monastic life like?
1st – There was a strict management system in the monasteries. Their whole life was regulated by the Charter.
2nd - In the middle of the century, monasteries were important centers of culture - writing, icon painting, temple building. The first libraries in Rus' were also monastic ones.
3rd – Books in the monastery were not only collected, but also copied. Ancient chroniclers lived and worked in Russian monasteries. Monk Kiev-Pechersk Monastery Nestor created the first Russian chronicle, The Tale of Bygone Years, in the 12th century.
4th – in the 15th-17th centuries, the greatest thinkers of the Russian land worked in the Trinity Monastery. The writer Epifani the Wise spent more than 30 years in the monastery.
5th - For spreading his views, the preacher Maxim Gek was exiled, wandered around the Monasteries until he ended up in Trinity, where he died, leaving a rich literary heritage - more than 150 sermons, translations.
6th – Many monasteries housed the richest collections of fine and decorative arts.
7th – St. Sergius of Radonezh in Ancient Rus' was called “Hegumen of the Russian Land.” He was revered and loved, considered their patron. He was born into a boyar family. At 23 years old. Left without parents, he distributed the inheritance along with his older brother. Stefan. As a priest, in the middle of a dense forest, he cut down a hut in order to live in solitude and unceasing prayer. Sergius took monastic vows. Gradually, many people gathered to Sergius, and a large monastery grew up on the site of a lonely hut. Sergius was the first in Russia to introduce the strictest regulations in it.
Teacher - The world of the Russian monastery was surprisingly multifaceted. He combined sublime religious, spirituality and the poverty of monastic life, a variety of arts and an extensive, exemplary economy, book learning.
Teacher – Russian medieval painting is predominantly religious. Painting is, first of all, the art of color. Artists depicted saints and illustrated biblical scenes. In temples they can be seen in the form of wall paintings, mosaics and frescoes. In the old days, the icon was treated with great respect as an object of worship. Let's see some of them.
Sounds:__________________________ the painter comes out
Painter - In the old days, in every house, in a place of honor - in the red corner - images hung. “Measurement icons” were common in royal life. When the prince was born, the baby’s measurements were taken and handed over to the icon painter. He chose a board the size of a newborn and painted the image of his patron saint.
Teacher - The Kremlin Armory houses the measured icon “John of the Climacus,” painted in 1554 in honor of the birth of Tsarevich Ivan, the son of Ivan the Terrible. Most often, saints were depicted on icons. And icons depicting the “Mother of God” occupied a place of honor. And today’s “vernissage” will introduce us to the image of the “Mother of God” in fine arts.
Sounds: Ave Maria.
More than 300 iconographic scenes of the Mother of God were known in Rus'. A variety of artists have repeatedly turned to her image. Among the great masters who paid tribute to this theme in their work is the Italian painter and scientist Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) (the image is attached to the board).
1st - the image of the Madonna (as the Mother of God was called in Italy) more than once attracted the attention of Renaissance painters. This is one of Leonardo's works in a rare technique for that time - oil. "Madonna of the Flower" - painted in Florence in 1472. The canvas seems to be shrouded in a light, airy haze. “The young mother, with a joyful smile, hands the baby a flower and watches as the baby carefully examines it.
2nd – Another exciting maternal image created by Leonardo da Vinci “Madonna and Child” (1490) Depicts a state of calm joy. In which a beautiful young woman and child are immersed. The calm balance of all elements of the picture emphasizes the harmony of the image of the mother.
3rd – The idea of sublime beauty and harmony is associated with the work of Raphael Santi (1483-1520). The tireless pursuit of light and perfection is the essence of his artistic work. In 1515-1519, by order of the monastery of St. Sixtus in Pjačec, now called the “Sistine Madonna,” Raphael depicted not only the Divine Mother and Child, but also the miracle of the appearance of the Queen of Heaven, carrying her son to people as an atoning sacrifice. The appearance of Mary, full of love and strict grandeur, tenderness and determination. It captivates with its solemnity and simplicity at the same time. She steps lightly on the clouds, and Sixtus 4 and Saint Barbara bow reverently before her.
4th - A completely different image of the Mother of God has developed in Russian art. Old Russian masters, unlike Western European ones, created not paintings depicting the Mother of God, but icons.
5th – Main shrine Russian land “Our Lady of Vladimir” - an icon from the early 12th century. Take a closer look at this image... The Mother of God is holding the Child on right hand, and the Child clung to her cheek and stretched out his arms, hugging her neck. Mary thought, hugging her Son to her. In her gaze we see both detachment and sadness: the Mother knows what suffering awaits her child.
The Russian people treat this icon with reverence. Russian princes and tsars prayed before her as they embarked on a campaign.
Teacher - Why did this particular icon become one of the greatest Russian shrines?
1st - legends about her are associated with the name of the Evangelist Luke and repeated participation in saving Moscow from Tatar raids.
2nd – further history icons are closely connected with the name of Andrei Bogolyubsky. Prince Andrei Yuryevich set out to move the political center of the country from Kievan Rus to Suzdal lands.
3rd – By that time, the icon had already manifested itself in miracles: it left its place three times, and once the parishioners saw it floating under the dome of the church. Filled with a desire to look at the miracle, the prince examined all the icons and chose this one. He went with her to Kyiv. And then to Rostov.
4th – On the way, the prince several times turned for help to Mother of God, and the Mother of God helped him.
5th - In Vladimir, the icon healed the sick and crippled. And when he decided to transport the icon to Rostov, the horses did not even budge. The prince named that place Bogolyubov, and later he himself received the nickname Bogolyubsky.
Teacher - Since ancient times Mother of God considered the patroness and intercessor of the Russian land. Perhaps this is why Russian painters repeatedly turned to the image of the Mother of God, creating works of great artistic power- both church and secular.
Teacher - But these lines were dedicated to M.A. Voloshin to this icon:
And she is worried and sad
Looking through the swell of the future
Into the world's glowing distances,
Where the sunset is full of fires.
And such mournful excitement
In pure girlish features, that Face
In the flame of prayer every moment
How a living person changes his expression.
Teacher -
The journey through the vernissage is over. And let's remember and repeat once again what we talked about in class today:
How in ancient Rus' did the cities transmit messages to each other about the approach of enemies? (using a bell)
Where can you hear a concert of bells? (In Rostov the Great, Suzdal)
What bells did we hear today? (holiday, alarm, everyday)
What architectural ensembles have survived to this day? (Cathedrals. The Cathedral of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin has been restored in our city)
What does the word monk mean? (secluded)
What qualities should a monk have?
Tell me, would any of you be able to give up worldly life like this?
Which literary works Did we remember today?
Teacher - You can find more in-depth material on topics in these books, on these sites. (Books and links to sites are projected on the screen)
SOUNDS: classical music.
Teacher - it is difficult to list all the gold mines of Russian folk culture and art. By getting to know her, introducing her into our everyday life, we become spiritually richer, more humane, because moral and aesthetic principles, expediency and beauty have merged in her. This is the experience of a wise, hardworking people, which can be constantly reborn if even a drop of memory remains in the souls of people.
And it’s time for me, the teacher of my hometown, to sing the praises of the great ones.
Painter - And I also want to say quiet words,
Thanks to the subject of the MHC.
Composer - What children remember, they know the entire culture of countries
And all past true events.
Architect – What do architects and craftsmen know?
Master - What musicians and composers know.
Or maybe a simple builder.
Teacher - Year after year I give to the children what I know!
And I am expanding my knowledge.
I conveyed it from my heart
A worthy culture to the hearts of children
Those days gone by.
SOUNDS:_______________________________________
Teacher - our lesson has come to an end. Thank you everyone for your active participation. Everyone gets an excellent rating. And your homework will be to write reports on the cultural monuments of your native land.
Russia is a country surprisingly rich in attractions. Today we would like to talk about Spaso-Kamenny Monastery, a real pearl of Russian architecture. Founded in 1260 on a tiny island on Kubensky Island, it is considered one of the oldest monasteries in the Russian North.
The monastery has its own complicated history; it was erected by Prince Gleb Vasilkovich in memory of a miraculous rescue in a storm. The raging waves tried to swallow the ships of the prince and his boyars, but at the last moment the rocky shore of the island appeared on the horizon. When the prince and his charges set foot on land, he was quite surprised that people were huddled on the tiny island. Here lived desert dwellers, hermit believers who devoted their lives to preaching the Christian faith. Building a monastery was an impossible task for them, and Prince Gleb Vasilkovich took upon himself the construction of the monastery.
The foundation of the wooden monastery dates back to 1260, the construction of the stone building - to 1481. This was the first stone building of the architects of the Russian North. Over the years of its existence, the cathedral suffered years of prosperity and oblivion. Its walls repeatedly suffered from fires; during the years of Soviet power, they tried to organize a colony for minors in its premises, they dismantled the walls into bricks and even tried to blow them up. Years later, the cathedral buildings were turned into a collection point for fresh fish, as fish was harvested from the lake on an industrial scale.
Today the Spaso-Kamenny Monastery is being revived and is functioning again. Most of the restoration is carried out by volunteers who are trying to achieve government support for their initiative. The Spaso-Kamenny Monastery is now in operation; not only believers, but also tourists who have taken a liking to the picturesque corner are beginning to come here.
Slide 2
Since our distant ancestors first wove two branches together to make a shelter, countless buildings have been erected by architects and builders. Many thousands of buildings have survived to this day. Often these were places of worship. Their construction has always been associated with exceptional spiritual and emotional dedication of architects and craftsmen; their creations were successfully outlined against the backdrop of picturesque landscapes. Sometimes a building and a locality form such a harmonious combination that it goes beyond the boundaries of any particular religion.
Slide 3
The shimmering white marble of the Taj Mahal preserves the memory of the love of a man and a woman. Its symmetry and sophistication are like a perfect pearl against the azure sky. This is not only the most famous mausoleum, but also one of the most beautiful buildings on earth
Slide 4
The influence of this colossal temple on Christian and Muslim architecture is difficult to overestimate.
Hagia Sophia: The Byzantine Miracle
Slide 5
Mont Saint Michel
The rocky island with its Gothic monastery and church is an architectural marvel and the oldest religious center in France.
Slide 6
The tomb of Tutankhamun in the Egyptian Valley of the Kings kept its secrets for 3,300 years. The richest gold treasure found in it shocked the imagination of people all over the world, which brought worldwide fame to the man who discovered it.
Tutankhamun's tomb
Slide 7
Jews, Christians and Muslims fill the ancient streets of Jerusalem, a city symbol of their common heritage and the center of a violent struggle.
Jerusalem: the city chosen by God.
Slide 8
This legendary city, which arose at the intersection of the ancient trade routes of Central Asia, attracted poets, pilgrims and robbers for more than 2000 years. When the sunlight plays on the city's ornate mosques and minarets, it sparkles like a huge golden beacon.
Virgo
